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• Artificial Intelligence. We employ artificial intelligence (“AI”) technology and analytics to drive data-driven decisions, streamline processes or help serve our customers and partners. The use of AI technology is vetted through our AI governance framework.
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Artificial Intelligence. The increased use of automated processes by insurers, including algorithms, artificial intelligence (generative and predictive) (“AI”) and predictive models that make use of large datasets and data analytics, has led to additional regulatory attention to insurer practices including in relation to risk selection, pricing and claims, as well as governance and oversight of AI and predictive models.
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 10-K of Feb 27, 2025
• The Artificial Intelligence Governance and Oversight Committee (“AIGOC”), which includes senior executives from IT, legal, compliance, risk and analytics, focuses on the governance of AI through the Company Artificial Intelligence Policy, annual training and vetting new AI technologies. New AI use cases presented to the AIGOC for approval include a review of cybersecurity controls, among other considerations such as regulatory and business factors.
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Additionally, the regulatory landscape surrounding traditional AI and generative AI is evolving, and the expanded use of these technologies may become subject to regulatory scrutiny under new or existing laws. Moreover, the intellectual property and ownership rights associated with both forms of artificial intelligence have not been fully addressed by courts in the U.S. or in other jurisdictions that we operate in. We established the Artificial Intelligence Governance and Oversight Committee (“AIGOC”) to evaluate and approve new AI use cases and issue and oversee our Company’s Artificial Intelligence Policy. While we believe the AIGOC and our larger AI governance framework is responsive to new risks and regulations, failure to comply with the applicable AI-related regulations could result in fines, penalties, litigation, or restrictions on our business operations. These outcomes may have a materially adverse effect on our business or financial condition.
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• Artificial Intelligence. We employ AI technology and analytics to drive data-driven decisions, streamline processes or help serve our customers and partners. The use of AI technology is vetted through our AI governance framework.
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The P&S Committee, ORC, CIMT and IT Committee are comprised of executives with reporting lines to the CIO and/or the COO. We also have an enterprise Artificial Intelligence Governance and Oversight Committee focusing on the use and management of AI in our operations.
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• an incident, disruption in operations or other cyber event caused by a cyber attack, inadvertent error, the use of artificial intelligence technologies or other technology on our systems or those of our business partners and service providers, which could negatively impact our business and/or expose us to litigation;
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 10-K of Feb 27, 2025, 10-Q of Aug 5, 2025, 10-Q of Nov 6, 2025, 10-Q of May 5, 2026, 10-Q of Aug 4, 2026, 10-Q of Nov 4, 2026
Artificial Intelligence. The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (the “EU AI Act”) came into effect in August 2024. As of February 2, 2025, companies are required to cease the use of AI systems which pose an unacceptable risk. Further compliance obligations applicable to general purpose AI models take effect in August 2025, and the remainder of the EU AI Act (including compliance rules relating to AI systems) takes effect in August 2026. The EU AI Act regulates the use of AI systems and general purpose AI models in all EU Member States through a risk-based framework, and a governance program relating to the use of AI systems generally. Certain of the AI systems utilized by our (re)insurers will fall within the scope of the EU AI Act.
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Artificial Intelligence. The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (the “EU AI Act”) came into effect on August 1, 2024. As of February 2, 2025, companies are required to cease the use of AI systems which pose an unacceptable risk. Further compliance obligations applicable to general purpose AI models take effect in August 2025, and the remainder of the EU AI Act (including compliance rules relating to AI systems) takes effect in August 2026. The EU AI Act regulates the use of AI systems and general purpose AI models in all EU Member States through a risk-based framework, and a governance program relating to the use of AI systems generally. Certain of the AI systems utilized by our (re)insurers will fall within the scope of the EU AI Act.
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• an incident, disruption in operations or other cyber event caused by cyber attacks, the use of artificial intelligence technologies or other technology on the Company’s systems or those of the Company’s business partners and service providers, which could negatively impact the Company’s business and/or expose the Company to litigation;
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 8-K of Apr 29, 2024, 8-K of Jul 30, 2024, 8-K of Oct 30, 2024, 8-K of Feb 10, 2025, 8-K of Apr 29, 2025, 8-K of Jul 29, 2025, 8-K of Oct 27, 2025, 8-K of Feb 9, 2026, 8-K of Apr 28, 2026, 8-K of Jul 28, 2026, 8-K of Oct 27, 2026
In 2023, the NAIC adopted a model bulletin entitled “Use of Artificial Intelligence Systems by Insurers” that sets forth state insurance regulators’ expectations on how insurers should govern the use of advanced analytical and computational technologies used to make or support decisions impacting consumers. Such expectations include implementation of a written program for the responsible
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 10-K of Feb 27, 2025
Artificial Intelligence. In Australia, businesses which develop and use AI are subject to various Australian laws relating to privacy, corporations and anti-discrimination which apply across all sectors of the economy. There are also financial services sector specific laws in Australia administered by APRA and ASIC which impact the development and deployment of AI in the sector in which our group operates, although such existing laws are technology-neutral.
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 10-K of Feb 27, 2025
As a foundation of our approach to cybersecurity risk, we have implemented processes at several levels across our enterprise to help assess, identify and manage cybersecurity risks and incidents. Our privacy and information security policies and standards cover topics such as information sharing, privacy, data handling and data management as well as more detailed information technology (“IT”) processes encompassing incident response, access control, artificial intelligence, disaster recovery and testing, among other areas.
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Artificial Intelligence. The U.K. has adopted a (primarily) “soft law” approach to AI regulation meaning it has not adopted formal legislation to regulate AI but has adopted soft law guidelines in the form of a White Paper published on March 29, 2023. The U.K. intends to develop a sector-specific, principle centered approach to AI regulation, with the relevant sectors being responsible for enforcement. However, in July 2024, the U.K. government announced its intention to regulate the most powerful AI models.
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 10-K of Feb 26, 2026
On November 8, 2024, the CPPA formally proposed draft amendments to regulations under the CCPA that would create new rules governing consumer notice, access, and opt-out rights with respect to Automated decision-making Technology (“ADMT”). Under the proposed rules, businesses would also have to make significant disclosures about their implementation of ADMT. The proposed language broadly defines ADMT to include any technologies that processes personal information and uses computation to execute a decision, replace human decision-making, or substantially facilitate human decision-making” and explicitly includes artificial intelligence, machine learning, and profiling.
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On the federal level, on January 23, 2025 President Donald Trump issued an executive order on artificial intelligence requiring a review of existing AI policies and directives that act as barriers to American AI innovation. It is difficult to know how the Trump administration will address AI at a federal level, and any changes to laws and regulations regarding how we may use AI could prevent or limit our use of AI. On the state level, hundreds of a new proposed AI laws have been proposed this year across the U.S., including proposed bills in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York and Virginia.
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In August 2025, EIOPA issued an Opinion on Artificial Intelligence Governance and Risk management. The opinion provides guidance on the interpretation of insurance-focused legislation in the context of AI systems which may not have existed when the legislation entered into force. It sets out expectations, which are risk-based and proportionate in approach, relating to insurers’ governance and risk-management systems in the context of AI and seeks to ensure consistency among national supervisory authorities in their approach to supervision of AI. EIOPA plans to develop a more detailed analysis of specific AI systems and emerging challenges and provide further guidance where appropriate. Arch continues to monitor the impact of this development on its operations.
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Artificial intelligence (“AI”) encompasses a range of machine-based capabilities, including traditional rule-based and machine learning AI as well as generative AI. We incorporate AI to assist with tasks such as catastrophe modeling and predictive analytics to help mitigate losses and enhance our product offerings. We also use AI in our insurance operations in particular to provide more information about past experiences and submissions, thus allowing our professionals to make more data driven underwriting decisions. The use of generative AI technologies is reviewed and monitored very closely with approval required for each new generative AI technology proposed for use in our operations. We consider AI capabilities invaluable opportunities to assist with our goal of making data-driven decisions part of our business strategy.
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At the federal level, in July 2025 the White House issued the AI Action Plan ordered by President Trump’s January 2025 executive order reorienting and reprioritizing the Administration’s policy approach to AI. The AI Action Plan included a wide range of policy initiatives for accelerating AI innovation, building American AI infrastructure, and leading in international AI diplomacy and security. On December 11, 2025, the White House issued an executive order entitled “Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence”, which clarifies federal AI policy and creates a framework for federal agencies to assess and challenge state laws that threaten to stymie innovation on the basis that they are preempted by federal regulation, impermissibly regulate interstate commerce, or are otherwise unconstitutional. The extent to which the federal government intends to apply its AI policies to state insurance laws and the U.S. insurance industry is not yet known and any such application could be challenged through judicial review. At the state level, in 2025, several hundred bills related to AI were introduced across all 50 states in the U.S. Globally, many new AI laws are being proposed or have taken effect, the most significant of which is in the EU. See “Regulation - Europe” for further details on our insurance operations.
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… net exposures; the failure of others to meet their obligations to the Company; an incident, disruption in operations or other cyber event caused by cyber attacks, the use of artificial intelligence technologies or other technology on the Company’s systems or those of the Company’s business partners and service providers, which could negatively impact the Company’s business and …
Read in the filing ↗ Also in 8-K of Jan 22, 2026, 8-K of Feb 14, 2024, 8-K of Apr 29, 2024, 8-K of Jul 30, 2024, 8-K of Oct 30, 2024, 8-K of Feb 10, 2025, 8-K of Jun 3, 2026, 8-K of Jun 3, 2026, 8-K of Jun 16, 2026, 8-K of Jun 16, 2026, 8-K of Jun 2, 2026, 8-K of Jul 29, 2025, 8-K of Oct 27, 2025, 8-K of Feb 9, 2026, 8-K of Apr 28, 2026, 8-K of Jul 28, 2026, 8-K of Oct 27, 2026, 8-K of Oct 30, 2026