Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024
We note your adjustment for Non-cash depreciation and amortization expense related to certain assets attributable to acquisitions to arrive at Core net income attributable to CBRE Group, Inc., as adjusted. Please tell us and revise your filing to clarify the nature of this adjustment, including how it was derived.Rest of the question
Further, please tell us and revise your filing to clarify why the exclusion of this expense provides useful information to investors. Please refer to Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K. This comment also applies to your presentation of this non-GAAP measure in your earnings release. We note that you deduct certain passed through costs to derive net revenue, a non- GAAP financial measure that you use to evaluate the operating performance of the Company and its segments. We note your disclosure that these costs are largely associated with subcontracted vendor work performed for clients and is passed 2. through to the client generally with no margin. As such, it appears that some of the passed through costs may have a profit margin. Please provide us with more information regarding the nature and terms of contracts with passed through costs that have a profit margin and contracts with passed through costs that do not have a profit margin, including the terms of any fees earned by you under the contracts. In your response, please tell us whether the terms of your contracts specifically require the customer to reimburse you for amounts paid to subcontractors and include an example of the contract terms in your response. In addition, please include an explanation of how you considered Question 100.04 of the Compliance & Disclosure Interpretation on Non-GAAP Financial Measures in determining the appropriateness of this adjustment. This comment applies to your presentation of net revenue throughout your Form 10-K and in your earnings release.
The Company respectfully acknowledges the Staff’s comment regarding the adjustment for Non-cash depreciation and amortization expense related to certain assets attributable to acquisitions to arrive at Core net income attributable to CBRE Group, Inc., as adjusted (“Core adjusted net income”). In response to the Staff’s comment, the Company notes that Core adjusted net income excludes the impact of amortization expense related to intangible assets, including customer relationships, trademarks, and depreciation expense related to technology (developed software), acquired as part of businessRead in the reply ↗Rest of the answer
combinations. The adjustment consists primarily of amortization of acquired intangible assets with an immaterial amount of depreciation related to acquired technology (i.e., 0.6% of the adjustment in 2024).
The Company excludes the amortization and depreciation expense related to acquired intangible assets from its calculation of Core adjusted net income as these items are not indicative of the Company’s current and future performance and are not necessary to analyze underlying business trends. The related amortization and depreciation expense varies significantly based on the timing and size of the acquisitions. In addition, the valuation of these assets is subjective and impacted by management’s judgments and estimates.
The Company believes that presentation of Core adjusted net income, excluding amortization and depreciation of assets acquired in business combinations, is useful to investors as a supplemental measure to evaluate the Company’s ongoing operating performance. In addition, the Company respectfully notes that many acquisitive companies exclude amortization and depreciation expenses related to acquisitions from comparable Non-GAAP measures for similar reasons. Management considers Core adjusted net income to be meaningful to investors as supplemental financial information when evaluating the Company’s performance against other market participants and when comparing the Company’s results with prior periods.
In consideration of the Staff’s comment and in order to provide more robust disclosure to investors, the Company will add the following disclosure in its future SEC filings and earnings presentations (added disclosure is in bold and underlined):
“We use core EBITDA, core adjusted net income and core earnings per share (or core EPS) as indicators of the company’s ongoing operating financial performance. Core EBITDA represents earnings before depreciation and amortization, net interest expense and income taxes, further adjusted for the following items:
• adjustments related to carried interest incentive compensation expense (reversal) to align with the timing of associated revenue, integration and other costs related to acquisitions, costs incurred related to legal entity restructuring, efficiency and cost-reduction initiatives, provision associated with Telford’s fire safety remediation efforts, the portion attributable to non-controlling interests, write-off of financing costs on extinguished debt, asset impairments, charges related to indirect tax audits and settlements, a one-time gain associated with remeasuring an investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary to fair value as of the date the remaining controlling interest was acquired, fair value changes on certain non-core non-controlling equity investments, and the impact of fair value adjustments related to unconsolidated equity investments.
Core adjusted net income represents earnings before the adjustments above and excluding the impact of the following:
non-cash amortization expense related to intangible assets and impairment charges of goodwill attributable to acquisitions, and restructuring activities and related impact on income taxes and non-controlling interest.
We believe that investors may find these measures useful in evaluating our operating performance compared to that of other companies because their calculations generally eliminate the effects of acquisitions, which would include impairment charges of goodwill and intangibles created from acquisitions, the effects of financings and income taxes and the accounting effects of capital spending. The presentation of Core adjusted net income, excluding amortization of intangible assets acquired in business combinations, is useful to investors as a supplemental measure to evaluate the Company’s ongoing operating performance. While amortization expense of acquisition-related intangible assets is excluded from Core adjusted net income, the revenue generated from the acquired intangible assets is not excluded.”
In future SEC filings and earnings presentations, the Company will not include any adjustments related to the depreciation of acquired technology in Core adjusted net income.
First report after the company's reply of 2025-05-27: 10-Q filed 2025-07-29 ↗, against the 10-Q filed 2025-04-24 ↗.
Tickdelta does not hold the text of both reports, so they are not compared here.
We note your response to prior comment 2. Please clarify for us if any contracts are based on a fixed fee or similar (e.g., based on square footage managed or occupied), such that pass through costs have implied profit margins.Rest of the question
To the extent you determine that there is an implied profit margin, please explain to us how you considered Question 100.04 of the Compliance & Disclosure Interpretation on Non-GAAP Financial Measures in determining the appropriateness of this adjustment throughout your Form 10-K and in your earnings release.
In the Company’s response to the Staff’s comment regarding the presentation of pass-through costs also recognized as revenue to arrive at Non-GAAP net revenue on May 27, 2025, the Company noted that a portion of the Company’s Facilities Management (“FM”) and Project Management contracts include a margin on pass-through costs.
However, the margin earned on these contracts in 2024 was immaterial, representing 0.2% of gross revenue and 0.5% of pass-through costs also recognized as revenue, respectively. The estimated margin was based on explicit fees contractually earned on pass-through costs.Read in the reply ↗Rest of the answer
Although the explicit margin on pass-through costs is not material to the Company’s gross revenue or pass-through costs, the Company considered if there is an implicit margin on any of its pass-through costs given the various contract structures for the fees earned. For example, the Company in the ordinary course of business enters into contracts whereby the contracts are quoted with a fixed price or management fees that are charged to clients and may be derived as a percentage of total budgeted costs, which may be inclusive of third-party vendor/subcontractor pass-through costs.
To estimate an implicit margin on these contracts, the Company attributed a portion of the overall contract margin earned to the third-party pass-through costs incurred on the contract by allocating the margin based on the percentage of third-party pass-through costs to total direct contract costs. The Company believes this is a conservative methodology for estimating an implicit margin on pass-through costs due to the following:
◾
We would expect to earn a lower margin on pass-through costs compared to our internal labor as the amounts charged by third-party vendors/subcontractors already include a margin earned by the vendors/subcontractors.
Most of our contracts explicitly state that we are required to pass through the amounts charged to clients in relation to third-party vendor/subcontractor spend, inclusive of any rebates or discounts.
Of the suite of services offered under our FM and Project Management arrangements, the work performed by CBRE employees typically requires employees with a higher skill set and therefore demands a higher margin than the services provided by third-party vendors/subcontractors (e.g., janitorial services, landscaping maintenance).
Using the conservative assumption that overall contract margin is allocated evenly over all costs incurred under the contract, the implicit margin earned on pass-through costs in 2024 is not material to gross revenue, the Company’s closest GAAP measure. When coupled with the explicit margin noted above, the total estimated margin earned on pass-through costs was not material to our gross revenue in
2024. This estimate excludes overhead expenses within the business segment incurred to manage the third-party pass-through costs for our clients, which is comprised of costs such as back-office vendor invoice management and other overhead required to be incurred in our role as FM or Project Management services provider. Additionally, this estimate excludes any allocation of CBRE corporate overhead costs, included within our Corporate segment. Any margin earned on these costs is intended to cover our costs of coordinating and managing the third-party service providers, inclusive of customer-related operations captured in segment overhead as well as corporate overhead. As such, we believe applying an allocation of segment and corporate overhead costs related to managing the third parties, to the estimated explicit and implicit margin earned on pass-through costs in 2024 results in a negligible percentage of our gross revenue, which management considers to be immaterial to the Company’s GAAP results.
We considered the guidance within Question 100.04 of the Compliance & Disclosure Interpretation on Non-GAAP Measures. As discussed in our previous response to the Staff, these pass-through costs exclude any costs related to work performed by CBRE employees. Our adjusted net revenue measure reflects the portion of revenue generated by the Company’s own employees, which we believe is useful to investors as a supplemental measure. We also believe the presentation of adjusted net revenue provides additional transparency for our investors in the way that the FM and Project Management businesses are managed and contracts are negotiated with customers. As such, the measure is not intended to change the recognition and measurement principles of our GAAP revenue by adjusting gross revenue for pass-through costs also recognized as revenue to arrive at adjusted net revenue. We believe our disclosures related to the non-GAAP measure, including labeling it as non-GAAP and the description of the measure also ensure investors are not mislead by the measure.
In consideration of the Staff’s comments, we advise the Staff that we have changed the title of this non-GAAP measure from “net revenue” to “adjusted net revenue” in our most recent SEC filings and earnings presentations to further eliminate any confusion that the existing measure may represent GAAP revenue. We will also monitor the margin on pass-through costs to ensure that it continues to be immaterial to gross revenue and will adjust our presentation were it ever to become material.
The following table provides a summary of example contract terms illustrating the various contract structures the Company enters into with clients related to facility management services:
Rule 83 Confidential Treatment Requested by CBRE Group, Inc.
CBRE_01:
Client
Contract Type
Contract Excerpt
Pass-Through with implicit Pass-Through Net Revenue – Fixed Price
[*]
Fixed price contract for facilities management which includes a mark-up for additional services
Pass-Through with implicit Pass-Through Net Revenue
- Cost-Plus
Cost plus and management fee is a % mark-up on total costs
- Cost-Plus with GMP
GMP contract for facilities management
Explicit Pass-Through Net Revenue
Fixed price contract which has a % mark-up on the fixed costs and % mark-up on variable costs both of which include third party costs
Zero Pass-Through Net Revenue – Cost Plus
Management fee is based on documented square footage as well as % mark-up on labor. Third party costs are charged at actual cost.
The following table summarizes the various types of pass-through costs incurred, along with the estimated explicit and implicit margins earned by cost type:
Rule 83 Confidential Treatment Requested by CBRE Group, Inc. CBRE_02:
First report after the company's reply of 2025-08-07: 10-Q filed 2025-10-23 ↗, against the 10-Q filed 2025-04-24 ↗.
Tickdelta does not hold the text of both reports, so they are not compared here.
In your response to our prior comment 1, you explain that to estimate an implicit margin on contracts quoted with a fixed price or management fees that are charged to clients and may be derived as a percentage of total budgeted costs, you attributed a portion of the overall contract margin earned to the third-party pass-through costs incurred on the contract by allocating the margin based on the percentage ofRest of the question
thirdparty pass-through costs to total direct contract costs. Please address the following: • Please tell us how you define overall contract margin earned and total direct contract costs. • Please provide us with the company’s overall contract margin earned and total direct contract costs (if it differs from the cost of revenue line item on your consolidated statements of operations) for the year ended December 31, 2024. • Please show us how the overall contract margin was allocated to calculate estimated margin by contract structure.
The
Company acknowledges receipt of the Staff’s comments and informs the Staff that the Company will remove net revenue from its list of non-GAAP financial measures. This change will be reflected in the
Company’s earnings materials and future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, beginning with the Company’s third quarter 2025 reporting. Read in the reply ↗
Also in this review: closing letter, 2025-09-24