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In addition, the sustainability of the favorable supply-demand dynamic in the power sector depends on multiple factors, including factors relating to technological advancements such as continued demand growth for generative AI computing applications, cloud computing, the level and pace at which the power industry can invest in power infrastructure and the pace of continued electrification-driven demand growth.

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 2, 2026open_in_new

LPI’s technology platform for distributed power generation includes (a) the ForteSM solution, which uses a modular, standardized construction approach for generation sites to reduce the risk of project execution, (b) the TempoSM power quality management system to manage high-amplitude, cyclical load variations associated with artificial intelligence workloads and (c)

New this year Item 7, MD&A, 10-K Feb 2, 2026open_in_new

• technological advances, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and data center development, affecting energy consumption and energy supply;

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

Our business increasingly utilizes AI and machine learning to automate certain tasks and improve our internal processes. Issues in the development and use of AI, combined with an uncertain regulatory environment, may result in new or enhanced governmental or regulatory …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our business increasingly utilizes artificial intelligence (“AI”), AI and machine learning, learning to automate certain tasks and automated decision making to improve our internal processes. Issues in the development and use of AI, combined with an uncertain regulatory environment, may result in new or enhanced governmental or regulatory scrutiny, litigation, confidentiality or security risks, reputational harm, liability or other adverse consequences to our business operations, all of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition condition, and results of operations.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… unknown cybersecurity risks and challenges, including as a result of the use of emerging technologies, such as AI, machine learning, generative AI and large language models. Such threats may derive from human error, fraud or malice, social engineering on the …

Marked against last year's 10-K

We depend on data and digital technologies to conduct our offshore and onshore operations, to collect payments from customers and to pay vendors and employees. Our data protection measures and measures taken by our customers and vendors may not prevent unauthorized access of information technology systems, and when such unauthorized access occurs, we, our customers or vendors may not detect the incident in time to prevent harm or damage. Threats to our information technology systems, and the systems of our customers and vendors, associated with cybersecurity risks and cyber-incidents or attacks continue to grow and may pose new or unknown cybersecurity risks and challenges, including as a result of the use of emerging technologies, such as AI, machine learning, generative AI and large language models. Such threats may derive from human error, fraud or malice, social engineering on the part of employees or third parties, or may result from accidental technological failure. In addition, breaches to our systems and systems of our customers and vendors could go unnoticed for some period of time. Risks associated with these threats include disruptions of certain systems on our rigs; other impairments of our ability to conduct our operations; loss or ransom of intellectual property, proprietary information, personal identifiable information or customer and vendor data; disruption of our customers’ and vendors’ operations; misappropriation of assets; loss or damage to our customer and vendor data delivery systems; and increased costs to prevent, respond to or mitigate cybersecurity events. A breach could also originate from, or compromise, our customers’ and vendors’ or other third-party networks outside of our control. A breach may also result in legal claims or proceedings against us by our shareholders, employees, customers, vendors and governmental authorities, both U.S. and non-U.S. If such a cyber-incident were to occur, it could have a material adverse effect on our business or on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 23, 2026open_in_new

We are subject to cybersecurity risks and threats as well as risks related to the use of artificial intelligence and the regulation of data privacy and security.

Marked against last year's 10-K

We are subject to cybersecurity risks and threats as well as increasing risks related to the use of artificial intelligence and the regulation of data privacy and security.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 23, 2026open_in_new

… Additionally, the rapidly evolving global legal landscape around AI, including the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and proposed and enacted U.S. federal and state laws and regulations, may expose us to claims, inquiries, demands and proceedings by private parties and …

Marked against last year's 10-K

AI presents operational, legal and reputational risks and challenges that could impact our business, including breaches of privacy or security incidents related to the use of AI. We are integrating As we integrate, AI tools into our systems, operations and our third-party service providers as well as our competitors may also develop or use such tools. AI may become more important to our operations or to our future growth over time. There can be business functions, there is no assurance that we will realize the desired anticipated benefits or anticipated benefits, or any benefits, and we may not properly implement such technology. Our third-party service providers may also incorporate AI into their services without disclosing such use to us or fail to disclose risks presented by their use of AI. There is a risk that AI tools used by us or by our service providers could produce inaccurate or unexpected results or behaviors that could result in operational disruptions and harm our business, customers or reputation. In addition, we we, or our AI service providers providers, may not meet existing or rapidly evolving regulatory or industry standards with respect to privacy and data protection, compliance, and transparency, among others, which could inhibit our or our service providers’ ability to maintain an adequate level of functionality or service. Our service providers may also incorporate AI into their services without disclosing such use to us, or fail to disclose risks presented by their use of AI. There is a risk that AI tools used by us or by our service providers could produce inaccurate or unexpected results or behaviors that could harm our business, customers or reputation. Our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI in their business operations more quickly or more successfully than we do, which may negatively impact our ability to compete effectively. Our internal governance, policies, procedures, and controls relating to the development, integration, and use of AI, including by third-party service providers, may be insufficient or may not operate as intended, particularly as AI technologies and regulatory expectations continue to evolve. Additionally, the complex and rapidly evolving global legal landscape around AI AI, including the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and proposed and enacted U.S. federal and state laws and regulations, may expose us to claims, inquiries, demands and proceedings by private parties and global regulatory authorities and subject us to legal liability as well as reputational harm. New laws and regulations are being adopted in various jurisdictions globally, including in Australia, the European Union (the "EU") and the U.S., and existing Existing laws and regulations may be interpreted in ways that would affect our business operations and the way ways in which we use AI. Any of these outcomes could impair our ability to compete effectively, damage our reputation, result in the loss of our or our customers’ property or information and/or materially adversely affect our financial position, operating results or cash flows.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

… Further, the use of AI by us or by third-party service providers may create new cybersecurity vulnerabilities, including those which may not be recognized at the time, and malicious actors may employ AI to aid in launching more sophisticated …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

We increasingly use artificial intelligence (“AI”) and other emerging technologies to improve our business processes, including through the integration of various AI tools into certain of our information systems. However, we may not properly implement these technologies into our business …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

We Face Risks Associated with Artificial Intelligence and Other Emerging Technologies

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

Changes in data privacy and security laws, regulations and standards, and emerging laws, regulations and standards surrounding artificial intelligence (“AI”), may adversely impact our business.

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

… The increased use of artificial intelligence by threat actors has amplified risks, as AI-driven cyberattacks can automate the discovery of vulnerabilities, generate highly convincing phishing attempts, and evade traditional detection methods. These capabilities may enable attackers to mount more …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

… More recently, advancements in AI may pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. Generative AI systems …

Marked against last year's 10-K

We have become increasingly dependent upon information technology systems to conduct our daily operations. We depend on a variety of information technology systems to estimate oil, NGLs and natural gas reserve quantities; process and record financial and operating data; analyze seismic and drilling information; and communicate with employees and third-party partners. This growing dependence on technology is accompanied by a greater sensitivity to cyber-attacks and information systems breaches. Unauthorized access to information systems by employees or third parties could corrupt or expose confidential, fiduciary, or proprietary information; interrupt our communications or operations; disrupt our business activities; or interfere with our competitive position. Cybersecurity threat actors are becoming more sophisticated and coordinated in their attempts to access a company’s information technology systems and data, including the information technology systems of cloud providers. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions or conflicts, such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine Ukraine, the U.S.’s involvement in Venezuela or conflict in the Gaza region, may further heighten the risk of cybersecurity attacks. More recently, advancements in AI may pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. Generative AI systems may also be used by malicious actors to create more sophisticated cyberattacks (i.e., more realistic phishing or other attacks). The advancements in AI could lead to an increase in the frequency of identity fraud or cyberattacks (whether successful or unsuccessful), which could cause us to incur increasing costs, including costs to deploy additional personnel, protection technologies and policies and procedures, train employees, and engage third-party experts and consultants. In addition, our vendors, suppliers and other business partners may separately suffer disruptions as a result of such security breaches which may directly or indirectly affect our business activities or our competitive position.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 23, 2026open_in_new

Additionally, we utilize proprietary AI in our business. As with many developing technologies, AI presents risks and challenges and may result in unintended consequences that could affect its further development and use, and therefore our business. If our proprietary AI fails to operate as anticipated our competitive position may be harmed and our business and reputation may be adversely impacted.

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 23, 2026open_in_new

… Our vendors and suppliers are also increasingly using and offering platforms powered by AI. Although we implement internal controls on the connectivity of third parties to our systems that attempt to prevent or mitigate the impact from incidents affecting third …

Marked against last year's 10-K

costs and repairs of system damage, (vi) reputational damage that adversely affects customer, supplier, or investor confidence, confidence; and (vii) damage to our business and competitiveness. AI may also be leveraged by threat actors to enhance the volume and sophistication of their attacks. A breach could also originate from or compromise our customers’, vendors’, suppliers’, or other third-party networks outside of our control that could impact our business and operations, as occurred with the Colonial Pipeline cybersecurity incident in May 2021. Our vendors and suppliers are also increasingly using and offering platforms powered by AI. Although we implement internal controls on the connectivity of third parties to our systems that attempt to prevent or mitigate the impact from incidents affecting third-party systems, we have limited control over ensuring that third parties themselves are consistently enforcing strong controls over their systems. Increased risks of such attacks and disruptions also exist because of global geopolitical and other conflicts and tensions. A breach may also result in legal claims or proceedings against us by our stockholders, employees, customers, vendors, suppliers, and government authorities. There can be no assurance that our current or future infrastructure protection technologies and disaster recovery plans can prevent or mitigate such breaches, cyber, cyber- and ransom-related incidents, or systems failures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity. The continuing and evolving threat of cybersecurity incidents (including through AI) has resulted in increased regulatory focus on prevention and disclosure, such as the directive issued by the U.S. Transportation Security Administration following the Colonial Pipeline cybersecurity incident, the obligations imposed by the U.S. Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act adopted in March 2022, and the SEC’s cybersecurity and governance disclosure rules issued in 2023. Act. We have been, and may continue to be, required to expend significant resources to comply with such laws and regulations, and otherwise be exposed to litigation and regulatory enforcement related thereto. See “ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY” for additional information on such matters.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… Growing electrification and rapidly developing and increasing technology use (such as artificial intelligence (AI), computer processing, cryptocurrency mining, and cloud storage, as well as the data centers and power supplies required to support these activities) will also likely increase the …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our operations depend on the reliable supply of natural gas and electricity. We consume significant amounts of natural gas and electricity to operate our refineries and plants, and natural gas and electricity prices have a measurable effect on the total cost of our operations. We also purchase other commodities whose prices may vary depending on the prices of natural gas or electricity. The volatility of prices for both natural gas and electricity represent an ongoing challenge to our operating results. Additionally, the availability and cost of natural gas and electricity have been, and could continue to be, affected by numerous events, such as government regulations, rate increases, weather (e.g., hurricanes and periods of extreme heat or cold), logistics interruptions, electric grid outages, cybersecurity incidents, intermittent electricity generation (particularly from wind and solar), hostilities, terrorism, protests, sanctions, human error, and supply and demand imbalances for natural gas and electricity. For example, the real-time market structure of the largest grid operator in Texas exposes many of our refineries and operations located in Texas to “scarcity pricing” during periods of supply and demand imbalance. As electrification continues to grow, or if there are increased restrictions or costs imposed on the ability of utilities or power suppliers to utilize certain energy sources (such as through restrictions on, or other pressure not to use, fossil fuel or nuclear-generated electricity), there will likely be increased strains on and risks to the integrity, reliability, and resilience of electrical grids, and increased volatility and tightness in natural gas and electricity supplies across the world. These events could negatively affect the cost, reliability, and availability of our natural gas and electricity supplies and may cause sporadic outages disrupting our operations. Growing electrification and rapidly developing and increasing technology use (such as artificial intelligence (AI), computer processing, cryptocurrency mining, and cloud storage, and as well as the data centers and power supplies required to support these activities) will also likely increase the intermittency and decrease the reliability of electricity supplies, particularly for grids highly dependent upon wind and solar power, which would exacerbate the foregoing challenges, including by increasing costs. Increased Government and private impediments and opposition to certain infrastructure projects (including pipelines) have also resulted in, and could continue to result in, the underinvestment in, or unavailability of, the infrastructure and logistics assets needed to transport and obtain natural gas, electricity, and water in a reliable and cost-efficient manner. We actively manage these risks through contracting and, in the case of natural gas and electricity, hedging, as appropriate, and by pursuing projects that reduce our reliance on third parties and fortify the resilience of our assets and supplies. However, increases in the prices for natural gas and electricity, and disruptions to our supplies thereof, have had, and could again have, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity. Certain of our refineries in Texas have also recently experienced various water supply challenges that remain ongoing to various degrees and in certain instances have resulted in, or are

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

Chevron is incorporating artificial intelligence technologies into its processes and these technologies may present business, compliance, and reputational risks The company is increasingly utilizing artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies in certain of its processes, information systems and various operations, and expects …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

Chevron is applying artificial intelligence (AI) to drive productivity, efficiency and value to its global operations. The company is building high-impact use cases leveraging its extensive data and insights and collaborating with others to access AI solutions to help …

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

Additionally, the development, deployment and use of artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine learning in our operations and those of our service providers and partners could introduce new risks, including increased exposure to cybersecurity threats and social engineering, inadvertent disclosure or …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… More recently, advancements in AI pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. In addition, generative AI …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Risks from cybersecurity threats have not materially affected, Our IT Systems and are not currently anticipated to materially affect our company, including our business strategy, results of operations Confidential Information, and financial condition. However, our systems and networks, and those that of our vendors, service providers and other third-party providers, may become the target of providers and business partners, are vulnerable to evolving cybersecurity attacks, threats, including, without limitation, denial-of-service attacks; malicious software; software (e.g., ransomware); the exploitation of known and unknown misconfigurations, “bugs,” and other hardware or software vulnerabilities; data privacy breaches by employees, insiders or others with authorized access; cyber or phishing-attacks; ransomware; social engineering (e.g. phishing) attacks; attempts to gain unauthorized access to our data and systems; and other electronic or physical security breaches. Security incidents can also occur as a result of non-technical issues, such as physical theft. More recently, advancements in artificial intelligence (“AI”) may AI pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. In addition, generative AI systems may also be are increasingly used by malicious actors to create more sophisticated cyber-attacks (i.e., more realistic phishing or other attacks). The attacks) and to circumvent controls, evade detection and even remove forensic evidence, rendering incident detection and remediation more challenging. These and other threat-related advancements in AI could lead to an increase in the frequency of identity fraud or cyberattacks (whether successful or unsuccessful), which could cause expose us to incur increasing costs, including costs to deploy additional personnel, protection technologies and policies and procedures, train employees, and engage third-party experts and consultants. If any of these There can be no assurance that our cybersecurity risk management program, including our controls or processes, will be fully implemented, complied with or effective in protecting our IT Systems and Confidential Information. Moreover, we do not manage the security breaches were controls or processes deployed by our third-party providers, such as cloud services that support our operations, and therefore, successful cyberattacks that disrupt or result in unauthorized access to occur, third-party IT Systems could materially impact our operations and financial results. Similarly, we have acquired and continue to acquire companies that may have cybersecurity vulnerabilities or unsophisticated measures, which exposes us to significant risk.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… in the market, customer requirements, competitive pressures, developments associated with climate change concerns, and technology trends, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, our business and consolidated results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, and the value of our …

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 6, 2026open_in_new

- Landmark Software and Services: provides cloud based digital services and artificial intelligence solutions on an open architecture for subsurface insights, integrated well construction, and reservoir and production management.

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 6, 2026open_in_new

The Company is increasingly utilizing artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies in certain of our processes, information systems and various operations, and the Company expects that AI will assume a more critical role in operations over time. The use of AI technologies …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

The Company is incorporating artificial intelligence technologies into its processes and these technologies may present business, compliance, and reputational risks.

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

The increased use of artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies, both by the Company and by third parties, may introduce additional cybersecurity and operational risks. AI-enabled applications and services may rely on large volumes of data, third-party models, and cloud …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

The oil and gas industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological advancement and the introduction of new products and services using new technologies, including through the use of artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies. As others use or develop …

Marked against last year's 10-K

The oil and gas industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological advancement and the introduction of new products and services using new technologies, including through the use of artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies. As others use or develop new technologies, Magnolia may be placed at a competitive disadvantage or may be forced by competitive pressures to implement those new technologies at substantial cost. In addition, other oil and gas companies may have greater financial, technical, and personnel resources that allow them to enjoy technological advantages and that may in the future allow them to implement new technologies before Magnolia can. Magnolia may not be able to respond to these competitive pressures or implement new technologies on a timely basis or at an acceptable cost. If one or more of the technologies it expects to use were to become obsolete, Magnolia’s business, financial condition, or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

Recent and continuously evolving technological advances in artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine-learning technology present new opportunities and also pose new risks. Our integration of these technologies, whether developed internally or procured through our third-party service providers, into our …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Recent and continuously evolving technological advances in artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine-learning technology present new opportunities and also pose new risks. Our introduction integration of these technologies technologies, whether developed internally or procured through our third-party service providers, into our processes may result in new or expanded risks and liabilities. Such risks and liabilities include enhanced governmental or regulatory scrutiny, litigation, compliance issues, ethical concerns, confidentiality or security risks, as well as other factors that could adversely affect our business, reputation, and financial results. The utilization of AI could also result in loss of intellectual property and subject us to heightened risks related to intellectual property infringement or misappropriation. The use of AI can lead to unintended consequences, including generating content that is inaccurate, misleading or otherwise flawed, or that results in unintended biases and discriminatory outcomes, which could harm our reputation and expose us to risks related to inaccuracies or errors in the output of such technologies.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

As we integrate artificial intelligence technologies into our processes, these technologies may present business, compliance and reputational risks.

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

… use of advanced technologies by threat actors, including the increased adoption of artificial intelligence technologies, may further heighten these threats. As threat actors adopt and deploy AI tools, the speed and sophistication of cyber threats and privacy risks may increase …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our day-to-day operations increasingly depend on information and operational technology systems that we manage, and other systems that our third parties, such as our service providers, vendors, and equipment providers, manage, including critical systems on our drilling units. Many of these systems are interconnected, and certain third parties may have direct or indirect access to our systems or data in connection with providing services to us. These systems are subject to risks associated with growing and evolving cyber incidents or attacks or other disruptions. These risks include, but may not be limited to, human error, power outages, computer and telecommunication failures, natural disasters, fraud or malice, social engineering or phishing attacks, viruses or malware, and other cyberattacks, cyber incidents or attacks, such as denial-of-service or ransomware attacks. attacks, including attacks that leverage artificial intelligence. Entities or groups, including cybercriminals, competitors, and nation state actors, have mounted cyber-attacks on businesses and other organizations to disable or disrupt computer systems, impair operational capabilities, cause downtime, and, in some cases, steal data. In addition, the United States government has issued public warnings that indicate energy assets and companies engaging in significant transactions, such as acquisitions, might be specific targets of cyber security threats. Geopolitical tensions or conflicts and broader societal or technological developments may increase the frequency, sophistication, or severity of cyber security threats, and the evolving use of advanced technologies by threat actors, including the increased adoption of artificial intelligence technologies, may further heighten these threats. As threat actors adopt and deploy AI tools, the speed and sophistication of cyber threats and privacy risks may increase across our environment and those of our vendors and suppliers. As we and/or our service providers plan or work to integrate AI-enabled tools, those tools may be targeted or misused in ways that compromise data or enable harmful outputs.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

In addition, Noble is subject to a variety of continuously evolving and developing laws and regulations in the United States and abroad governing, or proposed to govern, cyber security, data privacy and protection, the development and use of AI, and …

Marked against last year's 10-K

In addition, Noble is subject to a variety of continuously evolving and developing laws and regulations in the United States and abroad governing, or proposed to govern, cyber security, data privacy and protection, the development and use of AI, and the unauthorized disclosure of confidential or protected information, including the UK Data Protection Act, the EU General Data Protection Regulation, the Data Protection Law, as revised, of the Cayman Islands, the California Consumer Privacy Act, as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act, the Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act, and other similar legislation in domestic and international jurisdictions, which pose increasingly complex compliance challenges and potentially elevate costs. Any failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in significant penalties and legal liability. These laws and regulations are continuously evolving and developing, creating significant uncertainty as privacy and data protection laws may be interpreted and applied differently from country to country and may create inconsistent or conflicting requirements. Any failure, or perceived failure, by Noble or third-party service providers to comply with Noble’s privacy or security policies or privacy-related legal obligations, or any compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personal data, may result in loss of revenue, reputational harm, and could be subject to legal or regulatory claims or proceedings, including enforcement actions under data privacy or disclosure regulations, which may result in significant expenditures, fines, or liabilities and could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

cyber threat actors. While the Company uses advanced technologies, including AI-based tools, to strengthen its defenses and support business operations, such measures may not be successful in preventing or mitigating cyber threats.

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… As competitors develop or adopt new technologies (including artificial intelligence), the Company may be placed at a disadvantage and may be required to invest significant resources to remain competitive.

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

• technological advances, including AI and its increased use, affecting fuel economy, energy supply and energy consumption;

Marked against last year's 10-K

• technological advances advances, including AI and its increased use, affecting fuel economy, energy supply and energy consumption;

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

… Any failure of these systems to operate effectively and support our operations, challenge in transitioning to new upgraded or replacement systems, including any implementation or utilization of AI systems, difficulty in integrating systems and updates across our growing business, or …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our ability to effectively manage and operate our business depends significantly on information and operational technology systems and other digital technologies. The availability and integrity of these systems and technologies are essential for us to conduct our business and operations. Any failure of these systems to operate effectively and support our operations, challenge in transitioning to new upgraded or replacement systems, including any implementation or utilization of AI systems, difficulty in integrating systems and updates across our growing business, or a breach of these systems could materially and adversely impact the operations of our business. In addition, cybersecurity incidents, including deliberate attacks or unintentional events, have generally continued to increase in frequency and become increasingly sophisticated. The U.S. government has also issued public warnings that indicate that energy assets might be specific targets of cybersecurity threats.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

… The rapid evolution and increased adoption of artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies amplifies these concerns. As threat actors adopt and deploy AI tools, the speed and sophistication of cyber threats and privacy risks may increase across our environment and those of …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 10, 2026open_in_new

We are also advancing our Vertex™ fully automated, closed-loop completions process, a component of our proprietary digital completions management platform, eos™, which offers our customers the opportunity for greater operational efficiency, lower costs, and improved performance, while laying the foundation for integrating AI-driven reservoir technologies.

New this year Item 7, MD&A, 10-K Feb 10, 2026open_in_new

… power generation; government actions to increase strategic reserves to enhance energy security; increased demand for artificial intelligence (AI), including the construction and expansion of AI data centers; changes in customer or consumer preferences for our products, including consumer demand for …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Other demand-related factors. Other factors that may affect the demand for oil, gas, petrochemicals or our other products, and therefore impact our results, include technological improvements in energy efficiency; seasonal weather patterns; increased competitiveness of, or government policy support for, alternative energy sources or potential substitutes for our products; changes in technology that alter fuel choices, such as technological advances in energy storage or other critical areas that make wind, solar, nuclear nuclear, or other alternatives more competitive for power generation; government actions to increase strategic reserves to enhance energy security; increased demand for artificial intelligence (AI), including the construction and expansion of AI data centers; changes in customer or consumer preferences for our products, including consumer demand for alternative-fueled or electric transportation or alternatives to plastic products; and broad-based changes in personal income levels. See also “Climate Change and the Energy Transition” below.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… To remain competitive, we must also continuously adapt and capture the benefits of new and emerging technologies, such as AI, including successfully applying advances in the ability to process and integrate large amounts of data to our businesses and decision …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Research and development and technological change. To maintain our competitive position, especially in light of the technological nature of our businesses, the dynamic and rapidly evolving technological landscape, and the need for continuous efficiency improvement, ExxonMobil’s technology, research, and development organizations must be successful and able to adapt to a changing market, regulatory, and policy environment, both nationally and internationally, including continuous improvement in the efficiency of hydraulic fracturing technology and developing technologies to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To remain competitive, we must also continuously adapt and capture the benefits of new and emerging technologies, such as AI, including successfully applying advances in the ability to process very and integrate large amounts of data to our businesses. businesses and decision-making processes.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… Cybersecurity attacks are also becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, ransomware, credential stuffing, spear phishing, social engineering, use of deepfakes (e.g., highly realistic synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence) and other attempts to gain unauthorized …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Terrorist attacks or cyberattacks may significantly affect the energy industry, including our operations and those of our suppliers and customers, as well as general economic conditions, consumer confidence and spending and market liquidity. Cyber incidents, including deliberate attacks, have increased in frequency globally. Strategic targets, such as energy related assets, may be at greater risk of future attacks than other targets in the United States. We depend on digital technology in many areas of our business and operations, including, but not limited to, performing many of our gathering and compression and water handling services, processing and recording financial and operating data, oversight and analysis of our operations and communications with the employees supporting our operations and our customers or service providers. We also collect and store sensitive data in the ordinary course of our business, including personally identifiable information as well as our proprietary business information and that of our customers, suppliers, investors and other stakeholders. The growing regulatory landscape around data protection adds additional complexity to safeguarding this information. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of information is critical to our operations, and we monitor our key information technology systems in an effort to detect and prevent cyberattacks, security breaches or unauthorized access. Despite our security measures, our information technology systems may undergo cyberattacks or security breaches including as a result of employee error, malfeasance or other threat vectors, which could lead to the corruption, loss, or disclosure of proprietary and sensitive data, misdirected wire transfers, and an inability to: perform services for our customers; complete or settle transactions; maintain our books and records; prevent environmental damage; and maintain communications or operations. Significant liability to the Company or third parties may result. We are not able to anticipate, detect or prevent all cyberattacks, particularly because the methodologies used by attackers change frequently or may not be recognized until an attack is already underway or significantly thereafter, and because attackers are increasingly using technologies specifically designed to circumvent cybersecurity measures and avoid detection. Cybersecurity attacks are also becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, ransomware, credential stuffing, spear phishing, social engineering, use of deepfakes (e.g., highly realistic synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence) and other attempts to gain unauthorized access to data for purposes of extortion or other malfeasance.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 11, 2026open_in_new

… Advances in computer capabilities, discoveries in the field of artificial intelligence, cryptography, or other developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to safeguard confidential, personal or other information. As cyberattacks continue to evolve, we …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our information and operational technologies, systems and networks, and those of our vendors, suppliers, customers and other business partners, may become the target of cyberattacks or information security breaches that result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss or destruction of proprietary and other information, or adversely disrupt our business operations. The interconnected nature of our industry heightens the risk that a cybersecurity incident affecting one of our vendors, suppliers, customers or other business partners could propagate across the supply chain, potentially causing widespread operational or financial disruptions. Although we have written policies and procedures for monitoring cybersecurity risk and identifying and reporting incidents, there can be no guarantee they will be effective at preventing cyberattacks or ensuring incidents are timely identified or reported. Some cyber incidents, such as surveillance, ransomware, or deepfake-based social engineering attacks, may remain undetected for some period of time. Advances in computer capabilities, discoveries in the field of artificial intelligence, cryptography, or other developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to safeguard confidential, personal or other information. As cyberattacks continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any vulnerabilities to cyberattacks. In particular, our implementation of various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate security threats and to increase security for our personnel, information, facilities and infrastructure may result in increased capital and operating costs. While we maintain cyber insurance coverage to help mitigate financial risks associated with cyber incidents, such policies have limitations and do not cover all potential losses, such as reputational harm or regulatory fines. Accordingly, our cyber insurance may not provide coverage for all potential risks arising from cyber incidents. As cyberattacks increase globally in frequency and severity, coverage availability and affordability may further decline. A successful cyberattack or security breach could result in liability resulting from data privacy or cybersecurity claims, liability under data privacy laws, regulatory penalties, damage to our reputation, long-lasting loss of confidence in us, or additional costs for remediation and modification or enhancement of our information systems to prevent future occurrences, all of which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. To date, we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyberattacks; however, there can be no assurance that we will not suffer such losses in the future. No security measure is infallible. Consequently, it is possible that any of these occurrences, or a combination of them, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 11, 2026open_in_new

… Advances in computer capabilities, discoveries in the field of artificial intelligence, cryptography,

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our information and operational technologies, systems and networks, and those of our vendors, suppliers, customers and other business partners, may become the target of cyberattacks or information security breaches that result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss or destruction of proprietary and other information, or adversely disrupt our business operations. The interconnected nature of our industry heightens the risk that a cybersecurity incident affecting one of our vendors, suppliers, customers or other business partners could propagate across the supply chain, potentially causing widespread operational or financial disruptions. Although we have written policies and procedures for monitoring cybersecurity risk and identifying and reporting incidents, there can be no guarantee they will be effective at preventing cyberattacks or ensuring incidents are timely identified or reported. Some cyber incidents, such as surveillance, ransomware, or deepfake-based social engineering attacks, may remain undetected for some period of time. Advances in computer capabilities, discoveries in the field of artificial intelligence, cryptography, or other developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to safeguard confidential, personal or other information. As cyberattacks continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any vulnerabilities to cyberattacks. In particular, our implementation of various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate security threats and to increase security for our personnel, information, facilities and infrastructure may result in increased capital and operating costs. While we maintain cyber insurance coverage to help mitigate financial risks associated with cyber incidents, such policies have limitations and do not cover all potential losses, such as reputational harm or regulatory fines. Accordingly, our cyber insurance may not provide coverage for all potential risks arising from cyber incidents. As cyberattacks increase globally in frequency and severity, coverage availability and affordability may further decline. A successful cyberattack or security breach could result in liability resulting from data privacy or cybersecurity

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 11, 2026open_in_new

… Cybersecurity attacks are also becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, ransomware, credential stuffing, spear phishing, social engineering, use of deepfakes (e.g., highly realistic synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence) and other attempts to gain unauthorized …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 11, 2026open_in_new

In addition to the existing risks, the adoption of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence (“AI”), by us, our customers or third parties may also increase our exposure to data breaches or our ability to detect and remediate effects of …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 17, 2026open_in_new

The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence and the construction of new data centers are driving a significant increase in global power demand, which presents a unique opportunity for the Company to benefit, as data centers require reliable and substantial sources of electricity to operate efficiently. As more data centers are built to support the growing needs of artificial intelligence technologies, the Company is positioned to pivot its production to meet increased coal demand.

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 17, 2026open_in_new

… Cyberattacks are becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, ransomware, credential stuffing, spear phishing, social engineering, AI-powered attacks, and other attempts to gain unauthorized access to data for purposes of extortion or malfeasance. The methodologies used …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our increasing reliance on digital technologies puts us at risk for system failures, disruptions, incidents, data breaches and cyberattacks, which could significantly impair our ability to conduct our business. Cyberattacks are becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, ransomware, credential stuffing, spear phishing, social engineering engineering, AI-powered attacks, and other attempts to gain unauthorized access to data for purposes of extortion or malfeasance. The methodologies used by attackers change frequently and may not be recognized until such attack is underway. In April 2022, the cybersecurity authorities of the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom issued a joint cybersecurity advisory warning of the increased risks of Russian state-sponsored cyberattacks following the international response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. We expect to continue to be targeted by cyberattacks as a critical infrastructure company.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 19, 2026open_in_new

… The program is aligned with industry standards and best practices, such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework, and is responsive to emerging threat vectors, including AI-powered attacks. As part of our cybersecurity process, we engage …

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 19, 2026open_in_new

• expectations about future oil and natural gas prices and production levels (including as a result of certain economic initiatives, such as those related to artificial intelligence);

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Nov 21, 2025open_in_new

… This risk is exacerbated with the advancement of technologies like artificial intelligence, which malicious third parties are using to create new, sophisticated and more frequent attacks. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions or conflicts, such as the ongoing armed conflicts between Russia and …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our operations depend on effective and secure information technology systems, including our own systems and the systems of third party vendors upon which we rely, such as those providing cloud services to us. Potential unauthorized occurrences on or through our information technology systems, including as a result of cybersecurity incidents, that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of these systems and data residing therein continue to grow. Cybersecurity threats could include, but are not limited to, cybersecurity incidents, such as ransomware attacks, denial-of-service attacks, phishing attacks, malicious software; unauthorized or unlawful access, release, corruption or loss of our data; employee or insider error; interruptions in communication; loss of our intellectual property or theft of our FlexRig® and other sensitive or proprietary technology; or loss or damage to our data delivery systems or other cybersecurity and infrastructure systems, including our property and equipment. In 2021, the Company introduced full-time or part-time remote work as a permanent option for select employees and addition, a significant number of our employees now work remotely. Remote work relies heavily on the use of remote networking and online conferencing services that enable employees to work outside of our corporate infrastructure and, in some cases, use their own personal devices, which exposes the Company to additional cybersecurity risks. This risk is exacerbated with the advancement of technologies like artificial intelligence, which malicious third parties are using to create new, sophisticated and more frequent attacks. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions or conflicts, such as the ongoing armed conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and the conflicts in Israel, the Middle East, may further heighten the risk of cybersecurity attacks. Our information technology systems and those of our third party vendors are also subject to disruptions due to occurrences other than cybersecurity incidents, such as natural disasters or power outages.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Nov 21, 2025open_in_new

Custom or new technology (including potential generative artificial intelligence) that is heavily relied upon by us or our counterparties may not be maintained and updated appropriately due to resource restraints, or other factors, which could cause technology failures or give …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Custom or new technology (including potential generative artificial intelligence) that is heavily relied upon by us or our counterparties may not be maintained and updated appropriately due to resource restraints, or other factors, which could cause technology failures or give rise to additional operational or security risks. Generative artificial intelligence or other new technology could also create additional regulatory scrutiny and generate uncertainty around intellectual property ownership and/or licensing or use. Technology (including artificial intelligence) is also subject to intentional misuse (by criminals, terrorists terrorists, or other bad actors). Technology failures or incidents of misuse could result in significant adverse effects on our operations, results of operations, financial condition condition, and cash flows.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 13, 2026open_in_new

• changes in technologies, possibly introducing new cybersecurity risks and other new risks inherent in the use, either by us or our counterparties, of new technologies in the developmental stage including, without limitation, generative artificial intelligence;

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 13, 2026open_in_new

… Examples of such factors include evolving government regulation, the pace of changes in technology (including with respect to generative artificial intelligence), the successful development and deployment of existing or new technologies and business solutions on a commercial scale, competition from …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

… Generative artificial intelligence has also contributed to an increase in the prevalence of such attacks and threats, expanding potential exposure to disruptions. Any of the foregoing could be exacerbated by a delay or failure to detect a cybersecurity incident or …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our information technology and infrastructure, or information technology and infrastructure of our including systems operated by third-party service providers (e.g., cloud-based service providers), may be vulnerable to attacks by malicious actors or breached due to human error, malfeasance or other disruptions, including ransomware and other malware, phishing and social engineering schemes, deepfakes, malicious software, data privacy incidents, insiders or others with authorized access, attempts to gain unauthorized access to our data and systems, and other cybersecurity incidents. Any such incidents could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such unauthorized access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in one or more of the following outcomes: (i) unauthorized access to or a loss or misuse of intellectual property, proprietary information, or employee, customer or vendor data; (ii) public disclosure of sensitive information; (iii) increased costs to prevent, respond to, or mitigate cybersecurity events, such as deploying additional personnel and protection technologies, training employees, and engaging third-party experts and consultants; (iv) systems interruption; (v) disruption of our business operations; (vi) remediation costs for repairs of system damage, or regulatory fines or penalties; (vii) reputational damage that adversely affects customer or investor confidence; (viii) exposure to legal liability; and (ix) damage to our competitiveness, stock price, and long-term shareholder value. Generative artificial intelligence has also contributed to an increase in the prevalence of such attacks and threats, expanding our potential exposure to disruptions. Any of the foregoing can could be exacerbated by a delay or failure to detect a cybersecurity incident or the full extent of such incident.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 20, 2026open_in_new

Rapid growth in artificial intelligence (“AI”) related data centers and other high‑intensity computing is materially increasing regional electricity demand and straining grids, which - together with extreme weather conditions, intermittent renewable generation, and other market constraints - can reduce power availability …

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… More recently, advancements in AI pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. In addition, generative AI …

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… While Williams believes that it maintains appropriate information security policies, practices, and protocols, Williams regularly faces cybersecurity and other security threats to its information technology infrastructure, including risks that may be enhanced through the use of artificial intelligence, which could …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Williams relies on its information technology infrastructure to process, transmit, and store electronic information, including information used to safely operate Williams’, Transco’s, and NWP’s assets. Transco and NWP rely on Williams for their information technology infrastructure. The Williams Board of Directors has oversight responsibility with regard to cybersecurity risks, and reviews management’s efforts to address and mitigate cybersecurity risks, including the establishment and implementation of policies to address cybersecurity threats. Williams has invested, and expects to continue to invest, significant time, manpower, and capital in its information technology infrastructure. However, the age, operating systems, or condition of the current information technology infrastructure and software assets and the ability to maintain and upgrade such assets could affect Williams’, and thus Transco’s and NWP’s, ability to resist cybersecurity threats. While Williams believes that it maintains appropriate information security policies, practices, and protocols, Williams regularly faces cybersecurity and other security threats to its information technology infrastructure, including risks that may be enhanced through the use of artificial intelligence, which could include threats to operational industrial control systems and safety systems that operate its pipelines, plants, and assets. Williams faces unlawful attempts to gain access to its information technology infrastructure, including coordinated attacks from hackers, whether state-sponsored groups, “hacktivists”, or private individuals. Williams faces the threat of theft and misuse of sensitive data and information, including customer and employee information. Williams also faces attempts to gain access to information related to its assets through attempts to obtain unauthorized access by targeting acts of deception against individuals with legitimate access to physical locations or information. Williams is also subject to cybersecurity risks arising from the fact that Williams’, Transco’s, and NWP’s business operations are interconnected with third parties, including third-party pipelines, other facilities and contractors and vendors. In addition, the breach of certain business systems could affect Williams’ ability to correctly record, process, and report financial information. Breaches in Williams’, Transco’s, and NWP’s information technology infrastructure or physical facilities, or other disruptions including those arising from theft, vandalism, fraud, or unethical conduct, which may increase as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine or other geopolitical tensions and conflicts, could result in damage to or destruction of assets, unnecessary waste, safety incidents, damage to the environment, reputational damage, potential liability, the loss of contracts, the imposition of significant costs associated with remediation and litigation, heightened regulatory scrutiny, increased insurance costs, and have a material adverse effect on Williams’, Transco’s, and NWP’s operations, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

… He has extensive expertise in digital transformation, cloud strategies, enterprise artificial intelligence initiatives, and cybersecurity, as well as managing large-scale system implementations and integrations. He holds an Executive Master of Business Administration from the University of Texas at San …

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

… Emerging artificial intelligence technologies may improve or expand the capabilities of malicious third parties in a way we cannot predict at this time, including being used to develop new hacking tools, exploit vulnerabilities, obscure malicious activities and increase the difficulty …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Our operations are increasingly dependent on digital technologies and services to conduct certain processing activities. We use these technologies for internal purposes, including data storage, processing and transmissions, as well as in our interactions with customers’ and suppliers’ products, services and technology. Digital technologies are subject to the risk of cybersecurity attacks. A cybersecurity incident could be caused by malicious insiders or third parties using sophisticated, targeted methods to circumvent firewalls, encryption, and other cybersecurity defenses, including hacking, fraud, trickery, or other forms of deception, as well as an unintentional event. Emerging artificial intelligence technologies may improve or expand the capabilities of malicious third parties in a way we cannot predict at this time, including being used to develop new hacking tools, exploit vulnerabilities, obscure malicious activities and increase the difficulty detecting threats. If our systems for protecting against cybersecurity risks prove not to be sufficient, we could be adversely affected by, among other things: loss of or damage to intellectual property, proprietary or confidential information, or customer, supplier, or employee data; interruption of our business operations; and increased costs required to prevent, respond to, or mitigate cybersecurity attacks. These risks could harm our reputation and our relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and other third parties, and may result in claims against us. These risks could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… Furthermore, demand for natural gas-powered electricity generation is expected to grow in the near-term as the growth in industrial electrification as well as the rapid buildout of data centers and other industrial capacity to support artificial intelligence drive …

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… We also face increased risk with the increased sophistication of generative artificial intelligence capabilities, which may improve or expand the existing capabilities of cybercriminals described above in a manner we cannot predict at this time.

Marked against last year's 10-K

In addition, we have exposure to cybersecurity risks where our data and proprietary information are collected, hosted, and/or processed by third-party cloud and service providers. In addition, many of our vendors, including suppliers that are closely integrated into our business, have been victims of cybersecurity attacks that have accessed and exfiltrated information from their systems. Our risks may be exacerbated by a delay or failure to detect a cybersecurity incident or to understand the full extent of such incident notwithstanding our risk management processes and controls. We face risks associated with new and ever-increasing phishing techniques, hidden malware, as well as risks associated with electronic data proliferation and technology digitization. We also face increased risk with the increased sophistication of generative artificial intelligence capabilities, which may improve or expand the existing capabilities of cybercriminals described above in a manner we cannot predict at this time.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 17, 2026open_in_new

… Cybersecurity attacks in particular are evolving and include, but are not limited to, ransomware or other malicious software, social engineering attacks, deepfakes and artificial intelligence ("AI")-enhanced phishing, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data, and other electronic security breaches …

Marked against last year's 10-K

We rely on information technology and operational technology systems to process, transmit, and store information, to manage and support a variety of business processes and activities, and to comply with regulatory, legal and tax requirements. Our information technology and operational technology systems, some of which are dependent on third-party business partners, may be vulnerable to damage, interruption or shutdown due to any number of causes outside of our control such as catastrophic events, natural disasters, fires, power outages, systems failures, telecommunications failures and employee error or malfeasance. As a natural gas and oil producer, we face various security threats, including cybersecurity threats to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or to render data or systems unusable, threats to the safety of our employees, threats to the security or operation of our facilities and infrastructure or third party facilities and infrastructure, such as processing plants and pipelines, and threats from terrorist acts. Cybersecurity attacks in particular are evolving and include, but are not limited to, ransomware or other malicious software, social engineering attacks, deepfakes and artificial intelligence ("AI")-enhanced phishing, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in critical systems, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information and corruption of data. Threat actors may leverage AI and machine learning, technologies to conduct more sophisticated surveillance, reconnaissance and attacks against our systems. We seek to prevent, detect and investigate cybersecurity incidents, but in some cases, we might be unaware of an incident or its magnitude and effects. Although we utilize various procedures and controls to monitor and protect against these threats and to mitigate our exposure to such threats, there can be no assurance that these procedures and controls will be sufficient in preventing security threats from materializing.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 19, 2026open_in_new

… artificial intelligence (AI) may pose serious risks for many of the traditional tools used to identify individuals, including voice recognition (whether by machine or the human ear), facial recognition or screening questions to confirm identities. In addition, generative AI systems …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

… Despite signs of resilience, the IMF continues to highlight risks associated with geopolitics, trade policy and uncertainty regarding productivity gains from artificial intelligence.

New this year Item 7, MD&A, 10-K Feb 27, 2026open_in_new

Both the frequency and magnitude of cyberattacks is expected to increase as attackers are becoming more sophisticated and artificial intelligence proliferates. As a result, we may be unable to anticipate, detect, prevent, investigate or contain future attacks, particularly as the …

Marked against last year's 10-K

Both the frequency and magnitude of cyberattacks is expected to increase as attackers are becoming more sophisticated. sophisticated and artificial intelligence proliferates. As a result, we may be unable to anticipate, detect, prevent, investigate or contain future attacks, particularly as the methodologies utilized by attackers change frequently or are not recognized until launched, and we may be unable to investigate or remediate incidents because attackers are increasingly using techniques and tools designed to circumvent controls, to avoid detection and to remove or obfuscate forensic evidence. Further, global remote working dynamics for our customers, employees and third-party providers present additional risk that threat actors may seek to engage in social engineering (for example, phishing) and to exploit vulnerabilities in corporate and non-corporate networks. As cyber-attacks continue to evolve, including the prevalence of reconnaissance or surveillance by threat actors, which may remain undetected for an extended period notwithstanding our monitoring and detection efforts, we may be required to spend significant additional resources to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any vulnerabilities to cyber-attacks of our IT and OT systems.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… As cyberattacks continue to evolve, including those leveraging artificial intelligence, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any vulnerabilities to cyberattacks. In addition, new …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 25, 2026open_in_new

… Both the frequency and magnitude of cyberattacks is expected to increase and attackers are becoming more sophisticated, particularly given the increasing availability and sophistication of artificial intelligence systems. Further, security vulnerabilities may be introduced in connection with the use of …

Marked against last year's 10-K

In addition, we have become increasingly dependent upon digital technologies, including information systems, infrastructure and cloud applications and services, to operate our businesses, process and record financial and operating data, communicate with our employees and business partners, analyze seismic and drilling information, estimate quantities of steelmaking coal reserves, as well as other activities related to our businesses. We own and operate some of these systems and applications while others are owned and operated by our third-party service providers. In the ordinary course of our business, we and our service providers collect, process, transmit and store data, such as proprietary business information and personally identifiable information. As our dependence on digital technologies has increased, our IT systems and those of third parties are vulnerable to malicious and intentional cyberattacks involving malware and viruses, accidental or inadvertent incidents, the exploitation of security vulnerabilities or “bugs” in software or hardware, among other scenarios. Both the frequency and magnitude of cyberattacks is expected to increase and attackers are becoming more sophisticated, particularly given the increasing availability and sophistication of artificial intelligence systems. Further, security vulnerabilities may be introduced in connection with the use of artificial intelligence by us, our customers or third-parties.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

… The legal and regulatory landscape surrounding certain advanced technologies, including the use of artificial intelligence “AI” is rapidly evolving and uncertain, and may expose the Company to additional compliance costs, cybersecurity risks, and lawsuits. The Company is evaluating solutions to …

New this year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

… Moreover, the rapid advancement and increased adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies has given rise to additional vulnerabilities and potential entry points for cyberattacks, including a risk of exposure of confidential, proprietary or other sensitive information through the …

Marked against last year's 10-K

While we and our third-party service providers commit resources to the design, implementation and monitoring of our information systems, there is no guarantee that these security measures will provide absolute security. Despite these security measures, we may not be able to anticipate, detect or prevent cyberattacks, particularly because the methodologies used by attackers change frequently or may not be recognized until launch, and because attackers are increasingly using technologies designed to circumvent controls and avoid detection. Security incidents can also occur as a result of non-technical issues, such as physical theft. If any of such programs or systems were to fail or create erroneous information in our hardware or software network infrastructure or we were subject to cyberspace breaches, ransomware or other malware, phishing or social engineering schemes or attacks or other cybersecurity threats or attacks, possible consequences include financial losses, damage to our reputation and the inability to engage in any of the aforementioned activities. Any such consequence could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, any failure of our third-party providers’ computer systems, or those of our customers, suppliers or others with whom we do business, could materially disrupt our ability to operate our business. Moreover, the rapid advancement and increased adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies has given rise to additional vulnerabilities and potential entry points for cyberattacks, including a risk of exposure of confidential, proprietary or other sensitive information through the inadvertent use of open artificial intelligence tools. These technologies can be exploited by malicious actors to enhance the sophistication, scale or intensity of cyberattacks, making it more challenging to detect and mitigate such threats.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 26, 2026open_in_new

… The use of emerging technologies, including the use of Cloud Services and Artificial Intelligence, is governed by our End-User Computing Policy.

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

… Emerging artificial intelligence technologies may also improve or expand the capabilities of malicious third parties in a way we cannot predict at this time, including being used to develop new hacking tools, exploit vulnerabilities, using phishing to trick employees into …

Marked against last year's 10-K

The potential for such security threats or system failures has subjected our operations to increased risks that could have a material adverse effect on our business. To the extent that these information systems are under our control, we have implemented measures such as virus protection software, emergency recovery processes and a formal disaster recovery plan to address the outlined risks. However, security measures for information systems cannot be guaranteed to be failsafe, and our formal disaster recovery plan and other implemented measures may not prevent delays or other complications that could arise from an information systems failure. If a key system were hacked or otherwise interfered with by an unauthorized user, or were to fail or experience unscheduled downtime for any reason, even if only for a short period, or any compromise of our data security or our inability to use or access these information systems at critical points in time, it could unfavorably impact the timely and efficient operation of our business, damage our reputation and subject us to additional costs and liabilities. The increase in companies and individuals working remotely has increased the frequency and scope of cyber-attacks and the risk of potential cybersecurity incidents, both deliberate attacks and unintentional events. Emerging artificial intelligence technologies may also improve or expand the capabilities of malicious third parties in a way we cannot predict at this time, including being used to develop new hacking tools, exploit vulnerabilities, using phishing to trick employees into making payments or granting access to internal systems, obscure malicious activities, and increase the difficulty of detecting threats, which may result in new or expanded risks and liabilities. While, to date, we have not had a significant cybersecurity breach or attack that had a material impact on our business or results of operations, if we were to be subject to a material successful cyber intrusion, it could result in remediation or service restoration costs, increased cyber protection costs, lost revenues, litigation or regulatory actions by governmental authorities, increased insurance premiums, reputational damage and damage to our competitiveness, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 12, 2026open_in_new

• cybersecurity threats to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or to render data or computer systems unusable, which may become more sophisticated with the use of artificial intelligence;

Marked against last year's 10-K

• cybersecurity threats to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or to render data or computer systems unusable; unusable, which may become more sophisticated with the use of artificial intelligence;

Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 24, 2026open_in_new

• continually evaluate emerging threats and improved mitigation methods, including but not limited to, generative and agentic artificial intelligence and machine learning.

New this year 10-K, 10-K Feb 18, 2026open_in_new

… Advances in computer capabilities, rapid changes and innovation in the field of artificial intelligence, cryptography, inadequate facility security or other developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to safeguard confidential, personal, or otherwise protected …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Feb 19, 2026open_in_new

… If the Company is unable to adequately transition its information technology organization’s skills and capabilities rapidly enough, including the ability to capitalize on the advancements in Artificial Intelligence software and platforms, it may not effectively support the modernization of …

Word for word as last year Item 1A, Risk Factors, 10-K Nov 21, 2025open_in_new

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