War and geopolitics

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Demand for our cloud and power infrastructure solutions also depends on our customers and third-party data center operators securing sufficient and reliable electrical power and water at acceptable costs and within required timelines. The development and expansion of data center capacity is power-intensive and requires significant water resources for cooling, and both power and water availability have become critical factors in determining deployment speed and location for our customers. Limitations on power generation, transmission, and distribution capacity, utility interconnection lead times, planned and unplanned outages, curtailments, and volatility in energy markets can delay the energization of customer facilities, restrict available capacity, increase operating costs, and materially affect project economics and our customers’ ability to deploy our products. Similarly, water scarcity, drought conditions, competing demands for water resources, and regulatory restrictions on water use may constrain data center cooling capacity, limit site selection, increase operating costs, or delay project timelines. In several markets, regulators and local authorities have imposed or are considering restrictions on data center power and water consumption, requirements for operators to fund grid upgrades, and other conditions that may delay or increase the cost of power and water procurement. Public utility capacity constraints, broader grid reliability events, and inflationary or geopolitical pressures on energy prices may further increase volatility and uncertainty for our customers.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗

Certain components that we use are sourced from a limited number of suppliers, and in some cases from a single supplier, which increases the risk that regulatory actions, geopolitical developments, trade restrictions or other events affecting those suppliers could disrupt our supply chain. In addition, certain of our customers direct or require us to purchase components, materials, or subsystems from specified suppliers. In some cases, these customer-directed suppliers may be sole sources for the required components or may be geographically concentrated. We may have limited ability to qualify alternative suppliers or pass through cost increases for customer-specified components. If a customer-directed supplier experiences supply disruptions, quality issues, financial distress, or other problems, we could be unable to meet our customer's requirements and could be exposed to warranty claims, contract penalties, or liability, even if the underlying issue was attributable to the customer-directed supplier. Our customers may not agree to share responsibility for these supply chain risks, and we may bear a disproportionate share of the exposure.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗

If the planned spin-off occurs, Flex and the separated company will each be smaller, less diversified companies with more concentrated areas of focus. As a result, Flex and the separated company may become more vulnerable to changing macroeconomic and market conditions and to the impact of geopolitical conflicts, international trade disputes, or global economic instability on their operations, supply chains, or financial condition; the results of operations, cash flows, effective tax rate, and other financial and operating metrics of each company may be subject to increased volatility; and the ability of each company to fund capital expenditures and investments, pay dividends, and service debt may be diminished. To the extent challenges related to the planned spin-off adversely affect our business, they may also have the effect of heightening other risks disclosed in this Annual Report, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and the price of our ordinary shares.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗

Our business relies on the availability of financing. The capital markets have in the past experienced and may continue to experience extreme volatility or disruptions that may lead to uncertainty and liquidity issues for both borrowers and investors. Any decline in our credit rating may make it more expensive for us to raise additional capital in the future on terms that are acceptable to us, if at all, negatively impact the price of our ordinary shares, increase our interest payments under some of our existing debt agreements, and have other negative implications on our business. A variety of factors beyond our control could impact the availability or cost of capital, such as domestic or international economic conditions, geopolitical uncertainty, tariffs or trade restrictions, increases in key benchmark interest rates and credit spreads, changes in banking or capital market laws or regulations, and volatility in capital and financial markets. We are also exposed to interest rate risk on our variable rate debt, invested cash balances, and factoring activities.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗

Because we operate in the Americas, Asia, and Europe, we are subject to economic, political, regulatory, and social risks in the countries in which we operate, including currency fluctuations and exchange controls; labor unrest, labor shortages, and rising labor costs; longer payment cycles; inflationary pressures; changes in tax, customs, and regulatory regimes; trade restrictions and sanctions; supply chain disruptions; geopolitical instability and conflict; natural disasters; epidemics and pandemics; expropriation of private enterprises; and limitations on infrastructure, including power, water, transportation, and availability of raw materials and components.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗

Changes in U.S. and foreign government policies, including those relating to trade, sanctions, information security, data privacy, national security, and foreign investment, may affect the attractiveness of our services to customers and our ability to conduct business with certain customers or suppliers. We have significant operations in China, which have been, and could continue to be, affected by evolving laws, regulations, and geopolitical developments involving China. We could be subject to reputational harm if any of our customers, former customers or vendors were subject to U.S. sanctions or did business with sanctioned entities or countries or otherwise violated applicable sanctions or export control laws. Furthermore, regional conflicts, including the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, including the conflict in Israel and recent U.S. military operations in Iran, and tension between China and Taiwan, could result in sanctions, regional market instability, increased energy and transportation costs, supply chain disruptions, and other adverse regional and global financial and economic conditions, any of which can impact the demand for, or our ability to sell, our products and services in the impacted regions. Escalation of hostilities involving Iran, Israel, and the United States or regional proxy groups could adversely affect regional stability, threaten critical infrastructure such as data centers, impair access to ports and transportation routes including the Strait of Hormuz, and increase fuel, energy, freight, insurance, and security costs. In addition, expanded sanctions, export controls, or other governmental measures affecting the region could impair our ability to conduct business, collect receivables, or repatriate funds. In particular, geopolitical changes in China-Taiwan relations could disrupt the operations of several companies in Taiwan that are critical to the global supply of semiconductors and other electronic components on which many of our customers depend, and any escalation of tensions could materially affect our supply chain and operations.

Read in the 10-K filed May 20, 2026 ↗