Artificial intelligence
266 of 521 companies added a paragraph in Risk Factors that uses one of these words:
AI, artificial intelligence, machine learning, generative, large language model.
The paragraph is in the latest 10-K and nothing like it was in the one before.
It counts text; it does not say how serious a risk is. Words in capitals only (such as AI) must be in capitals.
By sector
Sector is the SEC's industry description of the company. Each count opens that sector's quotes below.
| Sector | Companies | Compared |
|---|---|---|
| Orthopedic, Prosthetic & Surgical Appliances & Supplies | 5 | 5 |
| Services-Consumer Credit Reporting, Collection Agencies | 3 | 3 |
| Computer Peripheral Equipment, NEC | 2 | 2 |
| Men's & Boys' Furnishgs, Work Clothg, & Allied Garments | 2 | 2 |
| Retail-Catalog & Mail-Order Houses | 2 | 2 |
| Rubber & Plastics Footwear | 2 | 2 |
| Services-Medical Laboratories | 2 | 2 |
| Transportation Services | 2 | 2 |
| Air Courier Services | 1 | 1 |
| Aircraft & Parts | 1 | 1 |
| Aircraft Parts & Auxiliary Equipment, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Apparel & Other Finishd Prods of Fabrics & Similar Matl | 1 | 1 |
| Bottled & Canned Soft Drinks & Carbonated Waters | 1 | 1 |
| Communications Equipment, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Drawing & Insulating of Nonferrous Wire | 1 | 1 |
| Electrical Industrial Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
| Electromedical & Electrotherapeutic Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
| Electronic Components & Accessories | 1 | 1 |
| Engines & Turbines | 1 | 1 |
| Farm Machinery & Equipment | 1 | 1 |
| Games, Toys & Children's Vehicles (No Dolls & Bicycles) | 1 | 1 |
| Gas & Other Services Combined | 1 | 1 |
| General Industrial Machinery & Equipment, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Grain Mill Products | 1 | 1 |
| Heavy Construction Other Than Bldg Const - Contractors | 1 | 1 |
| Insurance Carriers, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Leather & Leather Products | 1 | 1 |
| Meat Packing Plants | 1 | 1 |
| Misc Industrial & Commercial Machinery & Equipment | 1 | 1 |
| Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries | 1 | 1 |
| Motors & Generators | 1 | 1 |
| Newspapers: Publishing or Publishing & Printing | 1 | 1 |
| Oil & Gas Field Machinery & Equipment | 1 | 1 |
| Ordnance & Accessories, (No Vehicles/Guided Missiles) | 1 | 1 |
| Paints, Varnishes, Lacquers, Enamels & Allied Prods | 1 | 1 |
| Paper Mills | 1 | 1 |
| Real Estate | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Computer & Computer Software Stores | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Drug Stores and Proprietary Stores | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Eating & Drinking Places | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Grocery Stores | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Home Furniture, Furnishings & Equipment Stores | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Radio, Tv & Consumer Electronics Stores | 1 | 1 |
| Retail-Retail Stores, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Rolling Drawing & Extruding of Nonferrous Metals | 1 | 1 |
| Services-Advertising Agencies | 1 | 1 |
| Services-Detective, Guard & Armored Car Services | 1 | 1 |
| Services-Engineering, Accounting, Research, Management | 1 | 1 |
| Services-Equipment Rental & Leasing, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Services-Misc Health & Allied Services, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Special Industry Machinery (No Metalworking Machinery) | 1 | 1 |
| Special Industry Machinery, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Sugar & Confectionery Products | 1 | 1 |
| Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
| Television Broadcasting Stations | 1 | 1 |
| Trucking & Courier Services (No Air) | 1 | 1 |
| Wholesale-Electronic Parts & Equipment, NEC | 1 | 1 |
| Wholesale-Medical, Dental & Hospital Equipment & Supplies | 1 | 1 |
| X-Ray Apparatus & Tubes & Related Irradiation Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
| Computer Storage Devices | 4 | 5 |
| Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc. | 4 | 5 |
| Investment Advice | 6 | 8 |
| Retail-Eating Places | 3 | 4 |
| Services-Prepackaged Software | 14 | 19 |
| Surgical & Medical Instruments & Apparatus | 7 | 10 |
| Finance Services | 19 | 28 |
| Semiconductors & Related Devices | 10 | 15 |
| Insurance Agents, Brokers & Service | 4 | 6 |
| Electronic Computers | 2 | 3 |
| Measuring & Controlling Devices, NEC | 2 | 3 |
| Retail-Auto Dealers & Gasoline Stations | 2 | 3 |
| Retail-Building Materials, Hardware, Garden Supply | 2 | 3 |
| Services-Commercial Physical & Biological Research | 2 | 3 |
| Services-Computer Integrated Systems Design | 2 | 3 |
| Wholesale-Drugs, Proprietaries & Druggists' Sundries | 2 | 3 |
| National Commercial Banks | 7 | 11 |
| Hospital & Medical Service Plans | 3 | 5 |
| Industrial Instruments For Measurement, Display, and Control | 3 | 5 |
| Laboratory Analytical Instruments | 3 | 5 |
| Services-Business Services, NEC | 9 | 16 |
| Real Estate Investment Trusts | 15 | 27 |
| Electric Services | 8 | 15 |
| Electronic & Other Electrical Equipment (No Computer Equip) | 2 | 4 |
| Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical Sys | 2 | 4 |
| Services-Computer Processing & Data Preparation | 2 | 4 |
| Aircraft Engines & Engine Parts | 1 | 2 |
| Arrangement of Transportation of Freight & Cargo | 1 | 2 |
| Cigarettes | 1 | 2 |
| Cutlery, Handtools & General Hardware | 1 | 2 |
| Fats & Oils | 1 | 2 |
| Industrial Organic Chemicals | 1 | 2 |
| Instruments For Meas & Testing of Electricity & Elec Signals | 1 | 2 |
| Optical Instruments & Lenses | 1 | 2 |
| Paperboard Containers & Boxes | 1 | 2 |
| Printed Circuit Boards | 1 | 2 |
| Pumps & Pumping Equipment | 1 | 2 |
| Radio & Tv Broadcasting & Communications Equipment | 1 | 2 |
| Retail-Auto & Home Supply Stores | 1 | 2 |
| Services-Computer Programming Services | 1 | 2 |
| Services-General Medical & Surgical Hospitals, NEC | 1 | 2 |
| Services-To Dwellings & Other Buildings | 1 | 2 |
| Telephone Communications (No Radiotelephone) | 1 | 2 |
| Trucking (No Local) | 1 | 2 |
| Wholesale-Groceries & Related Products | 1 | 2 |
| Pharmaceutical Preparations | 5 | 11 |
| Crude Petroleum & Natural Gas | 3 | 7 |
| Electric & Other Services Combined | 5 | 12 |
| Retail-Variety Stores | 2 | 5 |
| Air Transportation, Scheduled | 1 | 3 |
| Computer & office Equipment | 1 | 3 |
| Computer Communications Equipment | 1 | 3 |
| Electrical Work | 1 | 3 |
| General Industrial Machinery & Equipment | 1 | 3 |
| Life Insurance | 1 | 3 |
| Perfumes, Cosmetics & Other Toilet Preparations | 1 | 3 |
| Plastic Materials, Synth Resins & Nonvulcan Elastomers | 1 | 3 |
| Soap, Detergents, Cleang Preparations, Perfumes, Cosmetics | 1 | 3 |
| Water Transportation | 1 | 3 |
| Security Brokers, Dealers & Flotation Companies | 2 | 7 |
| Fire, Marine & Casualty Insurance | 3 | 12 |
| Motor Vehicles & Passenger Car Bodies | 1 | 4 |
| Security & Commodity Brokers, Dealers, Exchanges & Services | 1 | 4 |
| Beverages | 1 | 5 |
| Biological Products, (No Diagnostic Substances) | 1 | 5 |
| Hotels & Motels | 1 | 5 |
| Petroleum Refining | 1 | 6 |
| State Commercial Banks | 1 | 6 |
833 paragraphs · Pharmaceutical Preparations show all sectors
may also lead to the unauthorized release of confidential or proprietary information which may impact our ability to realize the benefits of our data, including intellectual property. Further, reliance on third-party AI tools or services that incorporate AI may expose our organization to compliance gaps that are outside of our control. In addition, we could face risks related to our reliance on a small number of AI models or service providers.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
There are inherent risks related to our increasing use of artificial intelligence-based solutions.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 4, 2026 ↗
developments in the threat landscape include the use of adversarial artificial intelligence techniques and machine learning, as
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
In addition, we face certain risks as we seek to leverage artificial intelligence to optimize productivity and efficiency in
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
regulations and laws specifically governing the use of artificial intelligence systems and tools, and lack of transparency.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
Furthermore, the deployment of artificial intelligence systems could expose us to increased cybersecurity threats, such as data
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
breaches and unauthorized access. We also face competitive risks if we do not implement artificial intelligence or other
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
•our ability to effectively implement artificial intelligence systems and tools;
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 13, 2026 ↗
◦Incorporating ML, AI and other emerging technologies into our products, services and operations may result in legal and regulatory risks, reputational harm or have other adverse consequences to our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
Incorporating ML, AI and other emerging technologies into our products, services and operations may result in legal and regulatory risks, reputational harm or have other adverse consequences to our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
In addition to the risks inherent in all information technology systems—including cybersecurity, data confidentiality, system integrity, and availability—the unique characteristics of AI can amplify existing risks and introduce new risks. These include an elevated risk of intellectual property loss or infringement, whether through inadvertent disclosure, unauthorized training on proprietary data, or improper use of third-party content. AI tools lower the barrier to access and replication, increasing the likelihood of intellectual property leakage, copyright violations, and regulatory non-compliance. Additionally, ML or AI-based systems may be subject to novel cybersecurity risks, including attempts to manipulate model outputs, poison data, or extract sensitive information, which could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our systems and data.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
AI-specific risks also include so-called “hallucinations,” where systems generate inaccurate, misleading, or fabricated outputs that may not be readily detectable, potentially affecting business decisions, customer trust, and regulatory posture. Model performance is highly dependent on the quality, completeness, and appropriateness of underlying data. Flawed algorithms, biased or insufficient datasets, or controversial data practices may lead to unreliable outcomes and reputational harm.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
The deployment of AI in regulated environments presents additional complexity. Requirements related to validation, documentation, explainability, data lineage, and change control may lengthen implementation timelines, increase costs, or trigger regulatory scrutiny, audit findings, or enforcement actions. As regulatory expectations continue to mature globally, organizations must ensure that AI adoption aligns with existing compliance obligations and risk management frameworks.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗
We use machine learning and AI in various business operations, and inability to successfully monitor and manage its use could result in operational, competitive or reputational harm, regulatory enforcement, and legal liability.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 12, 2026 ↗
We incorporate (and expect to continue incorporating) AI capabilities in the development of new technologies and products and continue to expand the use of AI in our business and operations. Generative AI technologies are new and rapidly evolving technologies that could deliver significant benefits, but also present a number of operational, compliance, ethical, and reputational risks. AI algorithms are currently known to sometimes generate, among other things, irrelevant, nonsensical, deficient, factually inaccurate, biased or infringing content and results. In addition, if the manners in which we deploy and use AI become controversial, we may experience reputational harm to our brand, competitive harm or legal liability. In addition, we are subject to a growing number of cybersecurity and AI safety laws in markets in which we operate. For example, some of our European operations are subject to NIS2 which imposes cybersecurity requirements on “essential entities.” The EU AI Act prohibits certain AI systems that are categorized as “High Risk,” and requires certain disclosures about the use of AI tools. In the United States, there are emerging state AI laws and regulations that may impose additional requirements and restrictions in connection with the use of AI systems, including their use for "high risk" or "consequential" decision making. These rapidly changing regulatory complexities may increase our compliance costs. Moreover, there is risk that confidential information, including material non-public information, trade secrets or personal identifiable information, is input into AI applications, resulting in such information becoming accessible by third parties, including our competitors.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 12, 2026 ↗
The use of AI tools in the development of new technologies and products presents significant IP challenges. Determining IP ownership for AI-generated content remains uncertain in some jurisdictions. Also, AI tools might also unintentionally access or use third party IP or generate output infringing, thereby heightening exposure to IP claims and disputes. Inventions or works of authorship created using AI may be based on or contain, materials that were used in the training of such AI technologies and are identical or similar to third-party intellectual property, which could further limit our ability to obtain intellectual property protection in such inventions or works of authorship.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 12, 2026 ↗
Our competitors may incorporate AI into their operations more quickly or effectively than we do or with more successful outcomes. Additionally, we may not be able to attract or retain the necessary talent to support our AI technology investment or maintain our systems, which may affect our ability to remain competitive. Disruption or failure of our AI systems, or those of various third parties on whom we rely on, could lead to delays and operational challenges, as well as compliance and reputational issues which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Read in the 10-K filed Feb 12, 2026 ↗