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each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred.
c)
The entity can identify the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred.
d)
The contract has commercial substance (that is, the risk, timing, or amount of the entity’s future cash flows is expected to change as a result of the contract).
e)
It is probable that the entity will collect substantially all of the consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer. In evaluating whether collectability of an amount of consideration is probable, an entity should consider only the customer’s ability and intention to pay that amount of consideration when it is due. The amount of consideration to which the entity will be entitled may be less than the price stated in the contract if the consideration is variable because the entity may offer the customer a price concession.”
The Company has concluded that the customer is the mining pool operator, such as Foundry Digital LLC. The Company currently only participates in one mining pool (Foundry) but has previously utilized up to three separate mining pools. The Company enters into contracts with these bitcoin mining pool operators to provide computing power to the mining pools. The delivery of computing power is governed by a written contract with the mining pool operator, executed electronically when the Company signs up on the mining pool operator’s portal. The Company, operating in the mining pool, attempts to solve the stated algorithm that identifies a verified block in exchange for bitcoins automatically awarded by the system. As each block is identified and verified a mining pool operator receives the specified bitcoin consideration. The services required by the customer and consideration payable are specified by the terms of the contract between the customer (the mining pool operator) and the service provider (the Company), and collectability of contract consideration is assured.
The contracts are terminable at any time by either party and the Company’s enforceable right to compensation only begins when the Company starts providing computing power to the mining pool operator. Based on the facts and circumstances of the Company’s relationships with the mining pool operators, the Company concluded that the contract arises at the point that the Company provides computing power to the mining pool (i.e., ‘contract inception’). While the Company has no obligation to perform and can exit the mining pool at any time, when it does provide computing power the Company has a right to consideration from the mining pool operator for the computing power that it has provided. The mining pool operator’s payment obligation arises upon the provision of computing power, but such payment is a function of the bitcoin received by the pool in a successful block verification and block addition to the blockchain. As a result, the pool operator is obligated to pay for the computing power it receives from the Company, in bitcoin, which the pool operator receives as a direct result of the collective efforts of the mining pool participants. Each participant receives bitcoin according to their contribution of computing power to the mining pool. The Company has concluded that it is probable that it will collect substantially all the consideration to which it is entitled in exchange for the Company’s computing power services upon transfer of such computing power to each mining pool based on the mining pool’s ability and intention to pay the contracted amount of consideration when it is due.
With respect to penalties for contract termination, there are none. The Company may cancel at any point and any revenues earned by the Company will be calculated based on the computing power contributed to the pool until such termination and/or disconnect from the mining pool. Furthermore, the Company can withdraw computing power midterm and reinstitute it later the same day as frequently happens with power outages or as a result of the Company managing its power consumption.
In conclusion, the Company’s contracts with customers meet all the criteria set forth in ASC 606-10-25-1 to be considered a contract under ASC 606. Refer to the ‘Foundry USA Pool Service Agreement’ for a contract example, which is short in length and self-explanatory. The Foundry USA Pool Service Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A is being provided to the Staff on a supplemental basis pursuant to Rule 12b-4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
The Company noted the following requirements pursuant to ASC 606-10-25-14:
“At contract inception, an entity shall assess the goods or services promised in a contract with a customer and shall identify as a performance obligation each promise to transfer to the customer either:
A good or service (or a bundle of goods or services) that is distinct
A series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer”
The Company also noted criteria to be distinct pursuant to ASC 606-10-25-19:
“A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if both of the following criteria are met:
The customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (that is, the good or service is capable of being distinct).
The entity's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (that is, the promise to transfer the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).”
Additionally, the Company noted further relevant guidance pursuant to ASC 606-10-25-21 and ASC 606-10-25-22:
“ASC 606-10-25-21: In assessing whether an entity's promises to transfer goods or services to the customer are separately identifiable in accordance with paragraph 606-10-25-19(b), the objective is to determine whether the nature of the promise, within the context of the contract, is to transfer each of those goods or services individually or, instead, to transfer a combined item or items to which the promised goods or services are inputs. Factors that indicate that two or more promises to transfer goods or services to a customer are not separately identifiable include, but are not limited to, the following:
The entity provides a significant service of integrating goods or services with other goods or services promised in the contract into a bundle of goods or services that represent the combined output or outputs for which the customer has contracted. In other words, the entity is using the goods or services as inputs to produce or deliver the combined output or outputs specified by the customer. A combined output or outputs might include more than one phase, element, or unit.
One or more of the goods or services significantly modifies or customizes, or are significantly modified or customized by, one or more of the other goods or services promised in the contract.
The goods or services are highly interdependent or highly interrelated. In other words, each of the goods or services is significantly affected by one or more of the other goods or services in the contract. For example, in some cases, two or more goods or services are significantly affected by each other because the entity would not be able to fulfill its promise by transferring each of the goods or services independently.
ASC 606-10-25-22: If a promised good or service is not distinct, an entity shall combine that good or service with other promised goods or services until it identifies a bundle of goods or services that is distinct. In some cases, that would result in the entity accounting for all the goods or services promised in a contract as a single performance obligation.”
The delivery of computing power services as part of the mining pool operator’s block validation service is the only performance obligation of the Company. Mining pool participants are awarded by the mining pool operator a number of bitcoin for their effort based on the computing power it provides to the mining pool.
In conclusion, the Company has a single performance obligation to its customers to provide computing power services to the mining pool operator customer. The computing power is also known as the hashrate, which is a measure of the computational power and speed by which a computer server guesses the answer to an algorithmic hashvalue on the bitcoin network, also commonly known as bitcoin mining. The Company is then compensated daily based on what the Company is providing to the mining pool in terms of its hashrate. The Company accounts for each day as a separate transaction, which is settled the following day. As a result, there are no continued performance obligations with the customer after each daily settled performance occurs. In other words, the Company could operate one day, and cease operations the next day, thus being compensated on the first day and not for the days in which the operations ceased. There are no termination fees or other obligations that could be viewed as an additional performance obligation.
The Company noted the following requirements pursuant to ASC 606-10-32:
“ASC 606-10-32-2 An entity shall consider the terms of the contract and its customary business practices to determine the transaction price. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example, some sales taxes). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both.
ASC 606-10-32-3 The nature, timing, and amount of consideration promised by a customer affect the estimate of the transaction price. When determining the transaction price, an entity shall consider the effects of all of the following:
Variable consideration (see paragraphs 606-10-32-5 through 32-10: and 606-10-32-14)
Constraining estimates of variable consideration (see paragraphs 606-10-32-11 through 32-13)
The existence of a significant financing component in the contract (see paragraphs 606-10-32-15 through 32-20)
Noncash consideration (see paragraphs 606-10-32-21 through 32-24)
Consideration payable to a customer (see paragraphs 606-10-32-25 through 32-27)
ASC 606-10-32-4 For the purpose of determining the transaction price, an entity shall assume that the goods or services will be transferred to the customer as promised in accordance with the existing contract and that the contract will not be cancelled, renewed, or modified.”
The Company has concluded in its analysis that ASC 606-10-32-3a, b, d and e apply to the Company. The transaction consideration in the Company’s agreements with mining pool operators is all variable as the transaction consideration that the Company can receive is dependent on the daily computing power provided by the Company. The Company’s agreement with Foundry is “Full-Pay-Per-Share” (“FPPS”) for which the Company shares in the expected bitcoin rewards and a proportionate amount of the transaction rewards, based on what the pool mathematically should earn based on contributed hashrate as compared to the bitcoin networks algorithmic difficulty. The Company’s bitcoins earned through FPPS is not known until the Company’s computational hashrate contributed over the daily measurement period is confirmed by the pool operator and its proportionate amount of the pools transaction fees earned are calculated at the end of each transactional day. There are no other forms of variable considerations, such as discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, price concessions, incentives, performance bonuses, penalties, or other similar items.
Revenue is not recognized until the mining pool operator communicates the Company’s share of the bitcoin and transaction fee rewards and the confirmation of the Company’s share of the awarded bitcoins is received.
There is no significant financing component in these transactions, ASC 606-10-32-3c does not apply to the Company.
In exchange for providing computing power (i.e., the single performance obligation), the Company is entitled to a fixed bitcoin award from mining pool operator, plus a fractional share of the transaction fees received by the pool operator over the transactional day. The Company’s fixed bitcoin award is based on a calculation for a fixed amount of bitcoin for each hashrate per second in computing power submitted to the pool by the Company, which adjust only when network difficulty increases or decreases, which occurs approximately every 14 days.
The Company’s fractional share of the transaction fees is based on the proportion of computing power the Company contributed to the mining pool operator to the total computing power contributed by all mining pool participants over the transactional period. The transaction consideration the Company receives is noncash consideration in the form of bitcoin, which the Company measures at fair value on the date received. The formula in which the Company is compensated remains consistent with the initial terms of the agreement, whereas only the value of the inputs used in the formula (i.e., the Company’s daily hashrate and bitcoin network difficulty) will change on a daily basis. It is the Company’s analysis that the bitcoin valued upon receipt is not materially different than the formula stated in the initial contract and fair value of the bitcoin award received is determined using the spot price of the related bitcoin on the date earned (i.e., “contract inception”) consistent with 606-10-32-21.
In certain contracts, there could be consideration payable to customers as a transaction fee to the mining pool operators, commonly referred to as a “mining pool operator fee”. The fee is withheld by the mining pool operator from the net proceeds received by the Company and is accounted for as consideration payable to the customer. The Company’s current contract with the mining pool operator is for zero (0%) fees on all mining activity. However, if there were to be fees charged by the mining pool operators, this consideration payable would not relate to a distinct good or service as described in paragraphs 606-10-25-18 through 10-25-22, but rather it would be recorded as a reduction to the transaction price. Accordingly, such fees payable to the mining pool operator for successful mining transactions would be recorded by the Company as contra-revenue.
In conclusion, the Company has considered all of the effects of 606-10-32-3 regarding the nature, timing, and amount of consideration promised by a customer. The Company is compensated based on the “Full-Pay-per-Share Base” basis, which calculates in bitcoin the amounts the Company is awarded and earned for its mining activity. The share the Company earns is not dependent on the value of the bitcoin on the date earned, but rather on the bitcoin amounts themselves. For example, if the Company earns one bitcoin based on its daily earnings, the Company receives one bitcoin regardless of the price of a bitcoin on that date.