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In light of the recent change in administration in the U.S., there is considerable uncertainty and potential conflict regarding and among existing laws, judicial orders and bans, new presidential executive orders, regulatory frameworks, leadership changes and enforcement priorities and strategies. Penalties for non-compliance with any of these orders or regulations may be significant. Proposed tariffs to be imposed by the U.S. on imports from certain countries and potential counter-tariffs in response, could lead to increased costs and supply chain disruptions. If we are not able to navigate these changes, it could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, as well as on the price of our common stock.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

Additionally, geopolitical events, such as the trade war between the U.S. and China, the war between Russia and Ukraine, the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, could have a negative effect on our business domestically and/or internationally. While some time has passed since some of these events first occurred, it remains unpredictable how these events will continue to develop and impact the environment in which we do business.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

With respect to the ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China, we have several Chinese customers who are named in restrictive executive orders ("EOs"), and while a majority of these EOs are typically only applicable to transactions and/or services provided to these Chinese customers in the U.S. today, it is uncertain if the new U.S. administration would further expand the applicability of such EOs to transactions and businesses outside of the U.S. If Equinix is required to cease business with these companies, or additional companies in the future, our revenues could be adversely affected. Similarly, current relations between the U.S. and China have created increased supply chain risk due to successive U.S. legislation promoting decoupling from China on semiconductors and specific telecommunications equipment makers, and having to source for alternative suppliers for key components outside of China.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

Additionally, laws and regulations related to economic sanctions, export controls, anti-bribery and anti-corruption, and other international activities may restrict or limit our ability to engage in transactions or dealings with certain counterparties, in or with certain countries or territories, or in certain activities. We cannot guarantee compliance with all such laws and regulations, and failure to comply with such laws and regulations could expose us to fines, penalties, or costly and expensive investigations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

Operating globally subjects Eaton to changes in government regulations and policies in a large number of jurisdictions around the world, including, but not limited to, those related to tariffs and trade barriers, investments, property ownership rights, taxation, data privacy, and exchange controls. Changes in the relative values of currencies occur from time to time and could affect Eaton's operating results. While we monitor exchange rate exposures and attempt to reduce these exposures through hedging activities, these risks could adversely affect our operating results.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

In March 2019, Entergy voluntarily set a climate goal to achieve a 50 percent reduction in its carbon emission rate from the year 2000 by 2030. In September 2020, Entergy voluntarily committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050. In November 2022, Entergy voluntarily set a climate goal to achieve 50 percent carbon-free energy capacity by 2030. Due to stronger than initially expected sales growth, likely necessitating the development of new generation capacity that is not carbon-free, Entergy expects that achievement of the 50% carbon-free energy generating capacity goal will be delayed for a period beyond 2030 that has not yet been determined. In addition, achievement of the 2030 emission rate goal could also be challenged as a result of the forecasted and future sales growth. Further risks to achieving the 2030 and 2050 goals include, among other things, the ability to execute on renewable resource plans, regulatory approvals, customer demand for carbon-free energy that exceeds Entergy’s or its Utility operating companies’ ability to add lower carbon or carbon-free capacity, load growth, potential tariffs, carbon policy and regulation at the federal or state level, including mandates related to reliability standards, and supply chain costs and constraints. Technology research and development, innovation, and advancements in carbon-free generation are also critical to Entergy’s ability to achieve its 2050 commitment. Entergy cannot predict the ultimate impact of achieving these objectives, or the various implementation aspects, on its system reliability, or its results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 18, 2025 ↗

Failure to timely recover the full investment costs of capital projects, the impact of renewable energy and energy efficiency programs, potential tariffs on imported goods that may be levied by the current presidential administration, other utility costs and expenses due to regulatory disallowances, regulatory lag or other factors could

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

While we believe we have implemented appropriate measures that are designed to ensure that we are in compliance with foreign laws and regulations, failure to mitigate the risks associated with our international providers could impact our ability to conduct our business as planned which could materially and adversely impact our business. In addition, increased political and economic conditions and uncertainty, geo-political regional conflicts, terrorist activity, political unrest, civil strife, acts of war, government shutdowns, product boycotts, travel or immigration restrictions, tariffs and other trade restrictions, public health risks or pandemics, energy policy or restrictions, public corruption, expropriation and other economic or political uncertainties, including inaccuracies in our assumptions about these factors, could interrupt and negatively affect our business operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 6, 2025 ↗

Changes in international trade policy can also have a substantial adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or our business in general. Steps taken by governments to implement local content requirements or apply or consider applying additional or new tariffs on automobiles, parts, and other products and materials have the potential to disrupt existing supply chains, impose additional costs on our business, and could lead to other countries attempting to retaliate by imposing tariffs, which would make our products more expensive for customers, and, in turn, could make our products less competitive. The new, substantial tariff increases on imports to the United States from Canada and Mexico (in addition to China) announced on February 1, 2025, should they be implemented and sustained for an extended period of time, would have a significant adverse effect, including financial, on the overall automotive industry, Ford, and our supply chain. Further, any additional tariffs in the United States or retaliatory tariffs imposed by other governments would exacerbate the impact.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

Changes in United States trade policy, including the imposition of tariffs and the resulting consequences, may have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

As a result of policy changes or shifting proposals by the U.S. government, there may be greater restrictions and economic disincentives on international trade. For example, the U.S. government has adopted an evolving approach to trade policy, including renegotiating or terminating certain existing bilateral or multi-lateral trade agreements. It has also imposed tariffs on certain foreign goods and raised the possibility of imposing significant, additional tariff increases or expanding the tariffs to capture other types of goods. These tariffs and other changes in U.S. trade policy have in the past and could continue to trigger retaliatory actions by affected countries, and certain foreign governments have instituted or are considering imposing retaliatory measures on certain U.S. goods. If we are unable to pass the costs of such tariffs on to our customer base or otherwise mitigate such costs, or if demand for our services decreases due to the higher cost, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the United States and other countries imposed trade sanctions against Russia and Belarus, which impacted global operations and financial performance. We, our suppliers and our customers import certain raw materials, components and other products from foreign suppliers. As such, the adoption and expansion of trade restrictions such as those adopted in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the occurrence of a trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements or policies has in the past and may continue to adversely impact demand for our services, our costs, our customers, our suppliers, and the United States economy, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

•The recently announced U.S. tariffs, together with other countries’ potential retaliatory tariffs and import/export restrictions, may materially increase our product input costs and negatively affect global economic conditions contracting customer demand. To the extent we are unsuccessful in passing tariff costs to some customers, our results of operations and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 21, 2025 ↗

Political changes and trends such as populism, protectionism, economic nationalism and sentiment toward multinational companies and resulting tariffs, export controls or other trade barriers, or changes to tax or other laws and policies, have been and are expected to continue to be disruptive and potentially costly to our business, and these can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships, customer demand and competitive position. Such measures can be imposed suddenly and unpredictably. For example, the current U.S. administration has recently imposed new tariffs on goods from China and other countries. Further escalation of specific trade tensions, including as a result of the imposition of new tariffs (including retaliatory tariffs), tariff increases or other trade restrictions between the U.S. and its major trading partners, intensified decoupling between the U.S. (as well as other major economies) and China, or in global trade conflict more broadly could materially increase our product input costs, negatively affect global economic conditions contracting customer demand, or could be harmful to our business or that of our customers, and related decreases in confidence or investment activity in the global markets would adversely affect our business performance. As a contract manufacturer, we expect to recover the costs of tariffs by passing tariff costs to our customers which would increase net sales, decrease operating income margins, and negatively affect operating cash flow timing as we recover paid tariffs from our customers. To the extent we are unsuccessful in passing tariff costs to some customers, our results of operations and cash flows would be negatively impacted. The actual impact of new tariffs on our business is subject to a number of factors including the restrictions on trade,

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 21, 2025 ↗

the effective date and duration of such tariffs, countries included in the scope of tariffs, changes to amounts of tariffs, and potential retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 21, 2025 ↗

•increases in duties, tariffs, and taxation levied on our products including anti-dumping and countervailing duties;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 21, 2025 ↗

The attractiveness of our services to customers and our ability to conduct business with certain customers can be affected by changes in U.S. and other countries' policies, including regarding trade. We have significant operations located in China, which have been in the past, and could in the future be, adversely affected by evolving laws, regulations and policies, including with regard to import and export tariffs and restrictions, and information security and privacy, as well as changes in the political and geopolitical environment involving China. U.S.-China bilateral trade relations remain uncertain. The U.S.’s various trade actions, including imposing tariffs on certain goods imported from China or deemed to be of Chinese origin, as well as the potential for new tariffs, trade embargoes or sanctions by the U.S., and countermeasures imposed by China in response, have, in the past adversely affected, and could in the future, depending on their duration and implementation as well as our ability to mitigate their impact, adversely affect our business, including in the form of increased cost of goods sold, decreased margins, increased pricing for customers, and reduced sales. Moreover, we could be subject to reputational harm if any of our customers, former customers or vendors were subject to U.S. sanctions or if our customers, former customers or vendors did business with sanctioned countries. Furthermore, geopolitical changes in China-Taiwan relations could disrupt the operations of several companies in Taiwan that are critical to the global supply of semiconductors and other electronic components on which many of our customers depend.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 21, 2025 ↗

•United States — Tariffs on Certain Imported Crystalline Silicon PV Cells and Modules. The United States currently imposes different types of tariffs and/or other trade remedies on certain imported crystalline silicon PV cells and modules from various countries. In February 2022, the previous U.S. President proclaimed a four-year extension of a global safeguard measure imposed pursuant to Section 201 of the Trade Act of 1974 that provides for tariffs on imported crystalline silicon solar modules and a tariff-rate quota on imported crystalline silicon solar cells. Thin film solar cell products, such as our CdTe technology, are specifically excluded from the tariffs. The extension measure’s tariff rate was originally set at 14.75%, with annual reductions of 0.25 percentage points over the remainder of its four-year term. The current rate is 14.25%. The extension measure also provides an annual tariff-rate quota, whereby tariffs apply to imported crystalline silicon solar cells above the first 5.0 GW of imports.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 25, 2025 ↗

Rising threats of international tariffs, including tariffs applied to goods between the U.S. and China, may materially and adversely affect our business.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Dec 27, 2024 ↗

Rising threats of international tariffs, including tariffs applied to goods traded between the U.S. and China, could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Since the beginning of 2018, there has been increasing rhetoric, in some cases coupled with legislative or executive action, from several U.S. and foreign leaders regarding the possibility of instituting tariffs on the foreign imports of certain materials and products. More specifically, throughout 2019 and 2020, the U.S. and China imposed tariffs or announced proposed tariffs to be applied in the future to certain of each other’s exports. As of the date of this report, the Company has not been directly affected by any tariffs previously implemented by former President Trump on the medical technology industry which currently remain in place. In May 2022 the U.S. Trade Representative (the “USTR”) announced a statutory four-year review of the tariffs against China. The USTR also announced in May 2022 that it reinstated or extended various eligible tariff exclusions on certain products from China through December 2023. In September 2024, the USTR completed its statutory four-year review and announced tariff increases on imports from China on various products. Further, we do not know if the administration that takes office in 2025 will implement any new tariffs or alter current tariffs. If any tariffs or restrictions are imposed on products that we import for our customers, we would be required to raise our prices, which may result in the loss of customers and harm our business. Additionally, some of our non-diabetic distribution customers and customers in the design and development business have been affected by these tariffs, specifically those who manufacture non-medical electronic products. This may cause these customers to reduce the amount of discretionary spending they use on outsource product design and engineering services supplied by our design segment.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Dec 27, 2024 ↗

To the extent that there are disruptions or delays in loading container cargo in ports of origin or off-loading cargo at ports of destination as a result of labor disputes, work-rules related slowdowns, tariff or World Trade Organization-related disputes, piracy, physical damage to port terminal facilities or equipment caused by severe weather or terrorist incidents, congestion in port terminal facilities, inadequate equipment to load, dock and offload container vessels or energy-related tie-ups or otherwise, or for other reasons, product shipments to our customers will be delayed. For example, in Fiscal 2024, we experienced shipping delays resulting from cargo ship piracy in the Red Sea, and in March 2021, a container ship carrying some of our products ran aground in the Suez Canal and was immobilized for six days. Although these events did not have a material adverse effect on our business, there is no assurance that, if they happened again, that they would not. In any such case, our customers may cancel or change the terms of their purchase orders, resulting in a cancellation or delay of payments to us. A closure or partial closure of port facilities or other causes of delays in the loading, importation, offloading or movement of our products to the shipping destination agreed to with our customer could result in increased expenses, as we try to avoid such delays, delayed shipments or cancelled orders, or all of the above. Depending on the severity of such consequences, this may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Dec 27, 2024 ↗

Our business activities are subject to various restrictions under U.S. export controls and trade and economic sanctions laws, including the U.S. Commerce Department's Export Administration Regulations and economic and trade sanctions regulations maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). These also include U.S., UK and E.U. financial and economic sanctions targeting Russia following its invasion of Ukraine. If we fail to comply with these laws, rules and regulations, we could be subject to civil or criminal penalties and reputational harm. U.S. export control laws and economic sanctions laws also prohibit certain transactions with U.S. embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments, persons and entities.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

If we are found to be in violation of the export controls laws, rules and regulations or economic sanctions laws, rules and regulations, penalties may be imposed against us and our employees, including loss of export privileges and monetary penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. We could also be materially and adversely affected through penalties, reputational harm, loss of access to certain markets, or otherwise if we are found to have violated these laws, rules and regulations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

also subject to global economic and geopolitical dynamics, including tariffs, and risks associated with exporting or importing components

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

interest rates, changes in government monetary or fiscal policies, import or export restrictions, tariffs, labor market challenges, currency

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

supply and demand, commodity prices, currency exchange rates, transportation costs, government regulations and tariffs, price controls,

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

standards, or feed-in-tariffs, that support or are designed to support the sale of energy from utility scale renewable energy facilities, such as

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

more restrictive trade policies, such as import or export controls, required licenses or authorizations to engage in business dealings with

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

operates. These factors, together with changes in tax laws, tax rates, tariffs, changes in interpretation of tax laws, the resolution of tax

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 6, 2025 ↗

Our business is global, so changes to existing international trade agreements, blocking of foreign trade, increased protectionism, or imposition of tariffs on foreign goods could result in decreased revenues and/or increases in pricing, either of which could have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows in future periods. For instance, the United States imposed Section 232 tariffs on many imported products of steel and aluminum in March 2018 and expanded the tariffs to additional derivative products of steel and aluminum effective February 8, 2020. The United States imposed Section 301 tariffs on most imported products from China starting in July 2018. Although the United States and China reached a Phase One trade deal in January 2020, there was no Phase Two trade deal implemented and most of the tariffs imposed remain in place. Uncertainty persists in the trade relationship between the two countries that impacts the global trade landscape, and as of February 2025, new tariffs were enacted that significantly increase tariffs on foreign imports into the United States. The effects of these changes, including responsive actions from foreign governments, could also have significant impacts on our financial results.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 21, 2025 ↗

The U.S. and other countries may announce new or changed restrictions with little advance notice, which can create uncertainty and result in other countries implementing retaliatory restrictions. The imposition of new or enhanced sanctions, tariffs or duties, or any selective or inconsistent application relating to any new or enhanced sanctions, tariffs or duties, could have a substantial adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 19, 2025 ↗

In 2024, numerous elections were held globally, including the recent U.S. presidential election. The outcomes of the elections are expected to result in changes in policy, which could also have adverse effects on us or the business environment in which we operate more generally. For example, the new U.S. presidential administration has imposed or increased tariffs, including on imports from China, and proposed imposing or increasing tariffs on U.S. trading partners, which could adversely affect markets, the business environment and some of our businesses.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

Further, as described elsewhere, the imposition or threat of tariffs, border adjustment taxes, trade sanctions or other regulations or economic penalties by the U.S. or the European Union against products imported by us from China or other foreign countries, or the loss of “normal trade relations” status with China or other foreign countries in which we operate, could significantly increase our cost of products imported into the U.S. or Europe, shift more orders from direct import to domestic sales, put additional shipping and warehousing burdens on us, delay the time of our sales to retailers, result in lost sales, and otherwise harm our business. Additionally, the suspension of the operations of a third-party manufacturer by government inspectors in China or another market in which we source products could result in delays to us in obtaining product and may harm sales.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

The U.S. continues to implement certain trade actions, including imposing tariffs on certain goods imported from China and other countries, which has resulted in retaliatory tariffs by China and other countries. More significant tariffs have been proposed by the new administration in the U.S., although it is not possible to predict the extent or focus of any such tariffs at this time. Additional tariffs, export controls, and sanctions laws imposed by the U.S. on a broader range of imports, or further retaliatory trade measures taken by China or other countries in response, could increase the cost of our products.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 14, 2025 ↗

Our business and financial performance also could be adversely affected by changes in U.S. trade policy, U.S. export controls and sanctions, and U.S. regulations concerning imports, as well as international laws and regulations relating to global trade. Current U.S. government trade policy includes the imposition of tariffs on certain foreign goods, including information and communication technology products. These measures have materially increased costs for certain goods imported into the United States. As a result, our business has in the past been impacted by forced material price increases, which in turn resulted

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Dec 19, 2024 ↗

protocols, nationalization, changes in social, political or labor conditions, and adverse developments regarding sustainability, environmental regulations and trade policies and agreements, any of which risks could negatively affect our financial results. For example, a significant portion of sales from our Global Cellulose Fibers business are concentrated in China and could be adversely affected by changes in economic conditions and demographics. Trade protection measures in favor of local producers of competing products, including governmental subsidies, tax benefits and other measures giving local producers a competitive advantage may also adversely impact our operating results and our business prospects in these countries. Likewise, disruption in existing trade agreements or increased trade friction between countries (such as in relation to the trade tensions between the U.S. and China), could have a negative effect on our business and results of operations by restricting the free flow of goods and services across borders. Additionally, the current U.S. presidential administration has indicated a desire to significantly increase the rates and broaden the scope of tariffs imposed on goods imported into the U.S., such as from China, which may strain international trade relations and increase the risk that foreign governments implement retaliatory tariffs on goods imported from the United States. Specifically, the U.S. federal government has implemented tariffs on certain foreign goods and may implement additional tariffs on foreign goods. Such tariffs and any further legislation or actions taken by the U.S. federal government that restrict trade, such as additional tariffs, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures taken by governments in Europe, Asia, and other countries, could adversely impact our ability to sell products and services in our international markets. Tariffs could increase the cost of our products and the components and raw materials that go into making them. These increased costs could adversely impact the profit margin that we earn on our products, which could make our products less competitive and reduce consumer demand. Countries may also adopt other protectionist measures that could limit our ability to offer our products and services. The ultimate impact of any tariffs will depend on various factors, including if any tariffs are ultimately implemented, the timing of implementation, and the amount, scope, and nature of the tariffs.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 21, 2025 ↗

Pending such reform of the UK regulatory framework, the Government has confirmed that general medical devices compliant with the EU Medical Devices Directive with a valid declaration and CE marking can be placed on the Great Britain market up until the sooner of expiry of certificate or June 30, 2028. Medical devices, including custom-made devices, compliant with the EU Medical Devices Regulation can be placed on the Great Britain market up until June 30, 2030. The rules for placing medical devices on the market in Northern Ireland, which is part of the UK, differ from those in Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and continue to be based on EU law. The TCA does provide for cooperation and exchange of information in the area of product safety and compliance, including market surveillance, enforcement activities and measures, standardization-related activities, exchanges of officials, and coordinated product recalls (or other similar actions). For medical devices that are locally manufactured but use components from other countries, the “rules of origin” criteria will need to be reviewed. Depending on which countries products will ultimately be sold in, manufacturers may start seeking alternative sources for components if this would allow them to benefit from no tariffs. The rules for placing medical devices on the Northern Ireland market will differ from those in Great Britain. These developments, or the perception that any related developments could occur, have had and may continue to have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and financial markets, and our business would likely be impacted and the demand for our products could be depressed.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Jan 31, 2025 ↗

Geopolitical developments and other local and global events outside of our control can materially and adversely impact various aspects of KKR and its businesses. We are a global financial institution with operations, investors and investments located in many countries around the world, which are not immune to geopolitical developments. Geopolitical developments and other local and global events outside of our control, including trade conflict, sanctions (reciprocal or unilateral), restrictions on foreign direct investment, trade barriers, civil unrest, national and international security events (including the outbreak of war, terrorist acts or other hostilities), can, and occasionally do, materially and adversely impact our ability to conduct our investment management and insurance businesses, as well as our portfolio companies and other investments. These risks have increased in both scale and complexity due to intensifying geopolitical competition and conflicts, including the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine and unrest in the Middle East, heightened geopolitical competition between China and other major world economies, heightened levels of political populism leading to regulatory volatility, and increased attention to global threats, including climate change. We have a number of offices located in multiple countries and regions around the world, including China, South Korea, Japan, India, Australia, the United Kingdom, the European Union, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and elsewhere, and we seek investors from various countries throughout the world for our investment products and, to a lesser extent, our insurance business’ products. In particular, our investment strategies target opportunities globally, including across the Americas, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Middle East. Political instability and extremism, conflict, and civil unrest in any region where we have material business operations or investments may have a material adverse effect on us. Any escalation in an actual or perceived trade war or barriers to investment between the U.S. and other countries or regions could chill or limit business opportunities, and otherwise negatively affect our investment management and insurance businesses. In addition, intensifying rivalries and conflicts in in the Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Europe and globally have created new complexities in the international business environment, including through the imposition of sanctions, national security-motivated regulatory changes, and protectionist policies by certain countries. Occurrence of war or hostilities involving a country in which we have investments, investors, insurance counterparties or employees could adversely affect our business.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗

We may have direct investments in a region or a country that is experiencing one of the aforementioned events, and we may also be materially and adversely affected by the occurrence of such events as a result of indirect exposure that our portfolio companies or other investments may have through other interconnectivities such as supply chains, commodity prices and general macroeconomic exposure. The value of our investments can be materially impacted by tariffs, export controls, sanctions, or other governmental actions related to international trade agreements and policies that materially constrain cross-border flows of investment, goods, or data, which have the potential to increase costs, decrease margins, reduce the competitiveness of products and services offered by portfolio companies and adversely affect the revenues and profitability of portfolio companies, including as a result of the potential imposition of tariffs or tariff increases or other trade restrictions between the United States and its major trading partners, including Canada, Mexico, the European Union, and China. Similarly, escalation in tensions between the U.S. (as well as other major economies) and China, the inability of the U.S. and China to reach further trade agreements, the continued use of reciprocal sanctions by each country, or broadening implementation of investment restriction regimes in or related to China, may contribute to a slowing of global economic growth and adversely affect the revenues and profitability of our portfolio companies and other investments.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗

There could be significant changes in U.S. tax law and regulations. While the likelihood and nature of any such legislation or regulations is uncertain, any such changes could materially increase the amount of taxes we or our portfolio companies are required to pay. Both the current U.S. administration and certain members of the U.S. Congress have stated that one of their top legislative priorities is significant reform of the Internal Revenue Code and other federal tax laws. Among other things, the current U.S. administration and the U.S. Congress may pursue tax policies seeking to alter the income tax rates and brackets applicable to individuals and corporations, exempt certain types of income from taxation, reduce or eliminate energy incentives enacted by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, provide tax incentives for domestic production and impose significant new tariffs on foreign goods. Both the timing and the details of any such tax reform are unclear. These changes could materially increase the amount of taxes and tax-related regulatory and compliance costs we and our portfolio companies are required to pay. For example, changes in the corporate tax rate may adversely impact the cash flow of our portfolio companies and result in our investment vehicles selling assets at values that are less than we projected, which could in turn have a negative impact to the investment vehicle's performance and to the pace of realizations. Further, any new regulations relating to compensation for certain covered employees under Section 162(m) could meaningfully reduce the amount of related tax deductions available to us.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗

The U.S. government has also implemented and expanded a number of economic and trade sanctions programs and export controls that target Chinese entities and nationals on national security grounds and has imposed restrictions on acquiring and retaining interests in the securities of certain Chinese entities. These initiatives target, for example, entities associated with the Chinese government's response to political demonstrations in Hong Kong, the Chinese government's treatment of Uighurs and other ethnic minorities, the Chinese government's capabilities to conduct surveillance on its own population and internationally, and the capabilities of the Chinese military, paramilitary, security and police forces. The U.S. has also enacted rules aimed at restricting China's ability to obtain advanced computing chips, develop and maintain supercomputers, and manufacture advanced semiconductors, as well as expanded export control laws to reach additional items produced outside of the United States, restricted the ability of U.S. persons to support the development or production of integrated circuits at certain semiconductor fabrication facilities in China, and added new license requirements for certain items destined for China. In return, China has issued rules and laws to counteract the impact of these measures, including by enabling Chinese citizens, legal persons, and other organizations to seek remedies as a result of prohibitions or restrictions on normal economic, trade, and related activities with persons of other countries, and by authorizing the imposition of countermeasures such that a company that complies with U.S. sanctions against a Chinese entity may face penalties in China. China has also instituted tariffs on certain U.S. goods and may impose additional tariffs on U.S. products in the future.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗

•violations of trade sanctions or trade control regimes and the potential for the imposition of new or additional tariffs;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗

The Company’s international operations expose it to risks from potential failure to comply with foreign laws and regulations that differ from those under which the Company operates in the U.S. In addition, the Company may be adversely affected by other risks of operations in foreign countries, including, but not limited to: changes in reimbursement by foreign governments for services provided by the Company; compliance with export controls and trade regulations; changes in tax policies or other foreign laws; compliance with foreign labor and employee relations laws and regulations; restrictions on currency repatriation; judicial systems that less strictly enforce contractual rights; countries that do not have clear or well-established laws and regulations concerning issues relating to commercial laboratory testing or drug development services; countries that provide less protection for intellectual property rights; and procedures and actions affecting approval, production, pricing, reimbursement and marketing of its offerings. Further, international operations could subject the Company to additional expenses that the Company may not fully anticipate, including those related to enhanced time and resources necessary to comply with foreign laws and regulations, difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods, and difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign operations. In some countries, the Company’s success will depend in part on its ability to form relationships with local partners. The Company’s inability to identify appropriate partners or reach mutually satisfactory arrangements could adversely affect the business and operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 25, 2025 ↗

new or increased economic and trade sanctions, including tariffs, have created and may continue to create economic

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 14, 2025 ↗

restrictions, tariffs, embargoes, product authenticity, cybersecurity regulation, and environmental standards (e.g.,

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 14, 2025 ↗

•headwinds caused by heightened, scheduled, or threatened tariffs imposed by the U.S. or other countries;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 19, 2025 ↗

•changes in or limitations imposed by trade protection laws or other regulatory orders or requirements in the United States or in other countries, including changes in the trade policies of the U.S. and its trading partners, heightened, scheduled, or threatened tariffs, sanctions, or other costs or requirements which may affect our ability to import or export our products from various countries or increase the cost to do so, including government action to restrict our ability to sell to foreign customers where sales of products may require export licenses (See Risk Factor entitled “Our ability to sell our products to a significant customer has been restricted”); the restrictions in China on the export of gallium and germanium and other rare earth metals and critical minerals; and other retaliatory responses in the trade policies of the U.S. or foreign governments;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 19, 2025 ↗

•changes in global political tensions that may affect business with our customers, such as trade wars caused by or resulting in the imposition of heightened or scheduled proposed tariffs or the possibility of future tariffs;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 19, 2025 ↗

In addition, significant portions of our business are conducted in Europe, Asia, and other international geographies. Trade and other global disputes and interruptions, including related to tariffs, trade protection measures, import or export licensing requirements, the imposition of trade sanctions or similar restrictions by the U.S. or other governments, international tension and conflicts, as well as economic stagnation, cost inflation, strains on global transportation, manufacturing, and labor markets, and public health outbreaks, epidemics, or pandemics affect our ability to do business. Among other risks, the use of tariffs and other trade restrictions increase costs and may impact clinical trials or sales of our products, or otherwise complicate aspects of our business. In particular, tensions between the U.S. and China, which have already led to a series of tariffs and sanctions, as well as other business restrictions, could further escalate based on additional trade restrictions or retaliation thereto. In February 2025, the U.S. presidential administration imposed new tariffs on Chinese goods and China responded with tariffs on select U.S. goods. Additionally, tariffs were proposed or threatened with respect to other jurisdictions, including Mexico, Canada and Europe. If geopolitical tensions were to increase and disrupt our operations in, or related to, China or other major international geographies, such disruption would significantly impact our business. See Item 1A, "Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Operations—Reliance on third-party relationships and outsourcing arrangements could adversely affect our business," for additional information. As a further example, the financial impact of higher energy prices, defense spending, and geopolitical and economic disruptions, has further exacerbated financial pressures on governments with single-payer or government funded healthcare systems, leading to increased impetus for increases in rebates, clawbacks, and other reforms to reimbursement systems, particularly in Europe. These and similar events have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, us, our business partners, and our customers. For more details, see Item 1, "Business—Regulations and Private Payer Actions Affecting Pharmaceutical Pricing, Reimbursement, and Access."

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 19, 2025 ↗

The United States and the countries in which our products are produced or sold have imposed and may impose additional quotas, duties, tariffs, or other restrictions or regulations, or may adversely adjust prevailing quota, duty, or tariff levels. The results of any audits or related disputes regarding these restrictions or regulations could have an adverse effect on our financial statements for the period or periods for which the applicable final determinations are made. Countries impose, modify, and remove tariffs and other trade restrictions in response to a diverse array of factors, including global and national economic and political conditions, which make it impossible for us to predict future developments regarding tariffs and other trade restrictions. Trade restrictions, including tariffs, changes to de minimis thresholds, quotas, embargoes, safeguards, and customs restrictions, could increase the cost or reduce the supply of products available to us, could increase shipping times, or may require us to modify our supply chain organization or other current business practices, any of which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 27, 2025 ↗

We are dependent on international trade agreements and regulations. The countries in which we produce and sell our products could impose or increase tariffs, duties, or other similar charges that could negatively affect our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 27, 2025 ↗

changes in tariffs, including sanctions against the PRC, tariffs imposed by the United States and the PRC, and the possibility of additional tariffs or other trade restrictions, could adversely impact our business. It is possible that further tariffs may be introduced or increased. Such changes could adversely impact our business and could increase the costs of sourcing our products from the PRC as well as other countries, or could require us to source our products from different countries. The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act and other similar legislation may lead to greater supply chain compliance costs and delays to us and to our vendors.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 27, 2025 ↗

•impact of price increases, increased tariffs, raw material availability or other factors affecting our suppliers;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 23, 2025 ↗

We may lose sales if suppliers of raw materials, components or equipment fail to meet our or our customers' needs, increase prices, are impacted by increases in tariffs, or such raw materials, components or equipment become restricted or unavailable.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 23, 2025 ↗

Our manufacturing operations require raw and processed materials and equipment that must meet exacting standards. We generally have multiple sources for these supplies, but there may be a limited number of suppliers capable of meeting our standards. We have experienced supply shortages from time to time in the past, and on occasion our suppliers have told us they need more time to fill our orders, that they cannot fill certain orders, that they will no longer support certain equipment with updates or parts, or that they are increasing prices. In particular, in fiscal 2023 and in fiscal 2022, we experienced increased prices at certain suppliers for certain materials required for production purposes. However, in fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2025, the pricing environment stabilized compared to the two prior fiscal years. An interruption of any materials or equipment sources, or the lack of supplier support for a particular piece of equipment, could harm our business. The supplies necessary for our business could become more difficult to obtain as worldwide use of semiconductors increases, or due to supply chain disruptions, transit disruptions, trade restrictions or political instability. Additionally, consolidation in our supply chain due to mergers and acquisitions may reduce the number of suppliers or change our relationships with them. Also, the reduced availability of necessary labor, the application of sanctions, trade restrictions or tariffs by the U.S. or other countries or the impact of public health concerns, may adversely impact the industry supply chain. The U.S. has imposed additional tariffs on imports, and certain countries have imposed retaliatory tariffs on imports that have the U.S. as their country of origin. For example, in March and April 2025, the U.S imposed tariffs on imports from China and other countries and foreign governments imposed tariffs on imports from the U.S. It is unclear what tariffs will apply to semiconductors during this time of change.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 23, 2025 ↗

Our customers may also be adversely affected by the tariffs and other issues described above. The labor, supplies and equipment necessary for their businesses could become more difficult to obtain for various reasons not limited to business interruptions of suppliers, reduced availability of labor, transit disruptions, consolidation in their supply chain, or sanctions, trade restrictions or tariffs or the impact of public health concerns that impair sourcing flexibility or increase costs. If our customers are not able to produce their products, then their need for our products will decrease. Such interruptions of our customers’ businesses could harm our business.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed May 23, 2025 ↗

tariffs, could adversely impact our supply. We use resins, other petroleum-based materials and pulp as raw materials in some of our products, and the prices of oil and gas also significantly affect our costs for freight and utilities. A reduction or interruption in supply, and an inability to develop alternative sources for such supply, could adversely affect our ability to manufacture our products in a timely or cost-effective manner and could result in lost sales.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Jun 20, 2025 ↗

In early 2025, the new U.S. presidential administration announced broad-based tariffs on goods imported from certain countries where we purchase feedstocks, including a ten percent tariff on energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas and NGLs imported from Canada. Some of these tariffs have been stayed for brief periods of at least 30 days. If the provisions of those tariffs are maintained as proposed, we would expect added market volatility, with the longer term impacts to our refining and marketing margin uncertain. In addition, retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries or other potential government actions, would likely result in further adverse impacts.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

The U.S. government has announced plans to significantly increase tariffs on foreign imports into the U.S., particularly from Canada and Mexico and has already increased tariffs on imports from China. It is too early for the

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 25, 2025 ↗

In June 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the Chevron doctrine, ending judicial deference to regulatory agencies. This shift could significantly impact environmental regulation, consumer protection, advertising, privacy, artificial intelligence, and other regulatory frameworks we must comply with. This may impact our ability to operate our business in the manner in which we are accustomed and could negatively impact how we market our offerings, and could increase our regulatory compliance expense, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, and results of operations. Political policies in the U.S., China, the U.K., Canada, and Europe may affect global trade, domestic purchasing, or create uncertainty. In recent years, the U.S. government has taken a new approach to trade policy, renegotiating or potentially terminating agreements and imposing tariffs, particularly on

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 7, 2025 ↗

Chinese goods. These tariffs could raise the cost of our products, components, and raw materials, impacting our gross margin. Higher prices may also reduce competitiveness and consumer demand.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 7, 2025 ↗

U.S. trade policy under the new administration, including potential new or increased tariffs, along with trade policies in China, Mexico, the U.K., Canada, and parts of Europe, may impact global trade and create uncertainty, potentially harming our business. Additionally, before taking office, President Trump pledged to impose 60% tariffs on all Chinese imports in his first year. In response, foreign governments, including China, have enacted retaliatory tariffs and domestic purchasing requirements favoring local competition, which could reduce our sales.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 7, 2025 ↗

Following Brexit, the E.U.-U.K. Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) took effect on May 1, 2021, allowing tariff-free and quota-free trade. However, additional inspections and documentation requirements may cause delays at ports, potentially disrupting our supply chain and affecting delivery schedules.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 7, 2025 ↗

We face risks related to compliance with economic sanctions (including those administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control), export controls, corruption (including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act) and money laundering. While we maintain compliance programs to prevent and detect potential violations, such programs cannot completely eliminate the risk of non-compliance. Since our Financial Crime Management Technology and surveillance solutions are important offerings, a significant compliance event involving one of these areas could more negatively impact our business than a comparable business without this service offering.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 21, 2025 ↗

•the imposition of governmental economic sanctions or tariffs, on countries in which we do business or where we plan to expand our business or sell our products and services; and

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 21, 2025 ↗

Construction risks include, but are not limited to, changes in the availability or costs of materials, equipment, commodities or labor (including changes to tariffs on materials), delays caused by construction incidents or injuries, work stoppages, poor initial cost estimates, unforeseen engineering issues, and general contractors and subcontractors not performing as required under their contracts.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

Most recently, on February 10, 2025, President Trump issued an executive order reimposing Section 232 25% tariffs on steel imports from all sources, ending country and product exemptions, and broadening the application of the tariffs to fabricated steel products. This order is scheduled to go into effect on March 12, 2025. There can be no assurance as to when or if Section 232 or other import tariffs, quotas or other duties may be enacted, enforced, extended, modified or terminated in the future.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗

Government actions, including trade protection and national and economic security policies of U.S. and foreign government bodies, such as tariffs, import or export regulations, including deemed export restrictions and restrictions on

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 26, 2025 ↗

The AI Diffusion IFR would expose U.S. providers and the U.S. industry to an enhanced risk of retaliation from other countries, in the form of tariffs, import/export controls, or other regulatory actions.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 26, 2025 ↗

Following these 2022 export controls, we transitioned some operations, including certain testing, validation, and supply and distribution operations out of China and Hong Kong. Any future transitions could be costly and time consuming, and adversely affect our research and development and supply and distribution operations, as well as our revenue, during any such transition period. We expanded our Data Center product portfolio to offer new solutions, including those for which the USG does not require a license or advance notice before each shipment. To the extent that a customer requires products covered by the licensing requirements, we may seek a license for the customer. However, the licensing process is time-consuming. We have no assurance that the USG will grant such a license or that the USG will act on the license application in a timely manner or at all. Even if a license is approved, it may impose burdensome conditions that we or our customer or end users cannot or decide not to accept. The USG evaluates license requests in a closed process that does not have clear standards or an opportunity for review. For example, the Notified Advanced Computing, or “NAC,” process has not resulted in approvals for exports of products to customers in China. The license process for exports to D1 and D4 countries has been time-consuming and resulted in license conditions that are onerous, even for small-sized systems that are not able to train frontier AI models. The requirements have a disproportionate impact on NVIDIA and already have disadvantaged and may in the future disadvantage NVIDIA against certain of our competitors who sell products that are not subject to the new restrictions or may be able to acquire licenses for their products.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 26, 2025 ↗

Given the increasing strategic importance of AI and rising geopolitical tensions, the USG has changed and may again change the export control rules at any time and further subject a wider range of our products to export restrictions and licensing requirements, negatively impacting our business and financial results. In the event of such change, we may be unable to sell our inventory of such products and may be unable to develop replacement products not subject to the licensing requirements, effectively excluding us from all or part of the China market, as well as other impacted markets, including the Middle East and countries designated “Tier 2” by the AI Diffusion IFR. For example, the USG has already imposed conditions to limit the ability of foreign firms to create and offer as a service large-scale GPU clusters, for example by imposing license conditions on the use of products to be exported to certain countries, and may impose additional conditions such as requiring chip tracking and throttling mechanisms that could disable or impair GPUs if certain events, including unauthorized system configuration, use, or location, are detected. The USG has already imposed export controls restricting certain gaming GPUs, and if the USG expands such controls to restrict additional gaming products, it may disrupt a significant portion of our supply and distribution chain and negatively impact sales of such products to markets outside China, including the U.S. and Europe. In addition, as the performance of the gaming GPUs increases over time, export controls may have a greater impact on our ability to compete in markets subject to those controls. Export controls may disrupt our supply and distribution chain for a substantial portion of our products, which are warehoused in and distributed from Hong Kong. Export controls restricting our ability to sell data center GPUs may also negatively impact demand for our networking products used in servers containing our GPUs. The USG may also impose export controls on our networking products, such as high-speed network interconnects, to limit the ability of downstream parties to create large clusters for frontier model training. Any new control that impacts a wider range of our products would likely have a disproportionate impact on NVIDIA and may disadvantage us against certain of our competitors that sell chips that are outside the scope of such control. Excessive or shifting export controls have already and may in the future encourage customers outside China and other impacted regions to “design-out” certain U.S. semiconductors from their products to reduce the compliance burden and risk, and to ensure that they are able to serve markets worldwide. Excessive or shifting export controls have already encouraged and may in the future encourage overseas governments to request that our customers purchase from our competitors rather than NVIDIA or other U.S. firms, harming our business, market position, and financial results. As a result, excessive or shifting export controls may negatively impact demand for our products and services not only in China, but also in other markets, such as Europe, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. Excessive or shifting export controls increase the risk of investing in U.S. advanced semiconductor products, because by the time a new product is ready for market, it may be subject to new unilateral export controls restricting its sale. At the same time, such controls may increase investment in foreign competitors, which would be less likely to be restricted by U.S. controls. If additional products are subject to worldwide licensing requirements, we may incur significant inventory provisions and excess purchase obligation charges.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 26, 2025 ↗

•Significant changes in the political conditions in markets in which we manufacture, sell or distribute our products, including quarantines, import/export restrictions, tariffs, price controls, or governmental or regulatory actions, closures or other restrictions that limit or close our operating and manufacturing facilities, restrict our employees’ ability to travel or perform necessary business functions or otherwise prevent our third-party partners, suppliers or customers from sufficiently staffing operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 4, 2025 ↗

The success of our tenants in operating their businesses and their corresponding ability to pay us rent continue to be significantly impacted by many current economic challenges, which impact their cost of doing business, including, but not limited to, inflation, labor shortages, supply chain constraints, the potential impact of tariffs, decreasing consumer confidence and discretionary spending, increasing energy prices, and volatile interest rates. Changes in immigration policies or restrictions, as well as shifts in labor availability due to immigration trends, may further contribute to labor shortages, impacting our tenants' operations and profitability. Additionally, macroeconomic and geopolitical risks create challenges that may exacerbate current market conditions in the United States, including the potential for a recession.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 14, 2025 ↗

•labor challenges and supply delays and shortages due to a variety of macroeconomic factors, including disruptions to global supply chains as a result of wars and geopolitical events, including those involving Russia and Ukraine and Middle East conflicts, as well as the slowing of China's economy, tariffs, pandemics, and/or inflationary pressures;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 14, 2025 ↗

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in global economic, capital market, and political conditions. Our business, operating results, financial condition, and liquidity may be adversely affected by changes in global economic conditions, international relations, and geopolitical events and actions, including inflation, credit market conditions, levels of consumer and business confidence, commodity (including energy) prices and supply, trade policies (including tariffs), exchange rates, levels of government spending and deficits, the threat environment, political conditions, and actual or anticipated default on sovereign debt. Supply chain challenges and inflationary pressures continue to negatively affect our performance and the performance of our suppliers and subcontractors. Inflation has increased material and component prices, labor rates, and supplier costs. In addition, due to the nature of our government and commercial aerospace businesses, and their respective customer and supplier contracts, we may be unable to increase our contract value or pricing to offset cost increases, in particular on our fixed price contracts. Our operating profits and margins under our contracts could be adversely affected by these factors. In addition, high interest rates can increase the cost of borrowing and tighten the availability of capital for the Company, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, and liquidity. Tightening of credit in financial markets also could adversely affect the ability of our customers and suppliers to obtain financing for significant purchases and operations, could result in a decrease in, or cancellation of, orders for our products and services, could impact the ability of our customers to make payments, and could increase the risk of supplier financial distress. Moreover, volatility in interest rates and financial markets can lead to economic uncertainty, an economic downturn or recession and impact the demand for our products and services as well as impact our supply chain. Our global business is also adversely affected by decreases in the general level of economic activity, such as decreases in business and consumer spending, air travel, the financial strength and performance of airframers, airlines and business jet operators, and government procurement. In addition, geopolitical risks could affect government priorities, budgets, and policies, such as U.S. approvals of our foreign defense sales as well as sanctions, imposition of tariffs, and other trade-restrictive activities, which could impact sales of defense and other products and services.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 3, 2025 ↗

•the effects of U.S.-China relations, including escalating U.S.-China tension and increased anti-Americanism, potential tariff increases, retaliations, restrictive regulations, or boycotts, and increasing political sensitivities in China;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Nov 20, 2024 ↗

•ongoing government regulatory reform, including relating to public health, food safety, tariffs and taxes, sustainability, and responses to climate change, which result in regulatory uncertainty as well as potential significant increases in compliance costs;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Nov 20, 2024 ↗

•restrictive actions of foreign or U.S. governmental authorities affecting trade and foreign investment, especially during periods of heightened tension between the U.S. and such foreign governmental authorities, including protective measures such as export and customs duties and tariffs, government intervention favoring local competitors, and restrictions on the level of foreign ownership;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Nov 20, 2024 ↗

Any material interruption in our supply chain (such as material disruption of roasted coffee supply), whether due to the casualty loss of any of our roasting plants, interruptions in service by our third-party logistic service providers or common carriers that ship goods within our distribution channels, trade restrictions (such as increased tariffs or quotas, embargoes, or customs restrictions), pandemics, social or labor unrest, labor shortages, natural disasters, or political disputes and military conflicts that cause a material disruption in our supply chain could have a negative material impact on our business and our profitability. Additionally, our food, beverage, and other products are sourced from a wide variety of domestic and international business partners in our supply chain operations and, in certain cases, are produced or sourced by our licensees directly. We rely on these suppliers to provide high-quality products and to comply with applicable laws. Our ability to find qualified suppliers who meet our standards and supply products in a timely and efficient manner is a significant challenge as we increase our fresh and prepared food offerings, especially with respect to goods sourced from outside the U.S. and from countries or regions with diminished infrastructure, developing or failing economies, or which are experiencing political instability, labor discord, disruption or shortages, or social unrest. For certain products, we may rely on one or very few suppliers. A supplier’s failure to meet our standards, provide products in a timely and efficient manner, or comply with applicable laws is beyond our control. These issues could have a material negative impact on our business and profitability.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Nov 20, 2024 ↗

Our business is subject to risks generally associated with doing business abroad, such as U.S. and foreign governmental regulation in the countries in which we operate and the countries in which our contract manufacturers, component suppliers, and other business partners are located. Our operations and performance depend significantly on global, regional, and U.S. economic and geopolitical conditions. For example, tensions between the United States and China have led to the United States’ imposition of a series of tariffs, sanctions, and other restrictions on imports from China and sourcing from certain Chinese persons or entities, as well as other business restrictions. The U.S. government has recently imposed tariffs on certain foreign goods, and some foreign governments have threatened or instituted retaliatory tariffs on certain U.S. goods and have indicated a willingness to impose additional tariffs on U.S. products, which could increase tensions and create greater uncertainty in our business dealings. Further, such actions by the U.S. could result in other retaliatory actions by those countries which could impact our ability to profitably commercialize our products in those jurisdictions. Several countries are considering or have implemented tariffs or other trade barriers or restrictions, as well as other measures affecting cross-border commerce and the flow of information, which could have broad economic consequences, impact global supply chains and negatively affect our business, customers and partners.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 28, 2025 ↗

Our business depends on the overall demand for accelerated compute platforms. Global financial developments and downturns, even if not directly unrelated to us or our industry, may adversely harm us. If economic conditions, including inflation, increased interest rates, economic output and currency exchange rates, in these markets and other key potential markets for our Total IT Solutions remain uncertain or deteriorate, including as a result of a downturn in the global economy, regional conflicts, tariffs, trade restrictions, or other reasons, customers may delay or reduce their spending. General economic weakness may also lead to longer collection cycles for payments due from our customers, an increase in customer bad debt, and impairment of investments. Furthermore, weakness and uncertainty in worldwide credit markets may harm our customers’ available budgetary spending, which could lead to cancellations or delays in planned purchases of our Total IT Solutions. If our customers or potential customers experience economic hardship, this could reduce the demand for our Total IT Solutions, delay and lengthen sales cycles, increase requests for customer credit which may increase our risks in the event customers do not pay or make timely payment, lower prices for our Total IT Solutions, and lead to slower growth or even a decline in our revenues, operating results and cash flows.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Aug 28, 2025 ↗

•General economic and political conditions that affect the semiconductor and electronics industries, such as disruptions to international trade relationships, including tariffs, changes in Export Regulations, or other trade barriers affecting our or our suppliers’ products; and

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Dec 19, 2024 ↗

The current electric residential rate structure in California is primarily based on consumption volume, which places a higher rate burden on customers with higher electric use while subsidizing lower-use customers. In December 2023, a new Net Billing Tariff

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 25, 2025 ↗

withdrawals from free trade agreements and the implementation of tariffs, border taxes or other measures that can limit international

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 7, 2025 ↗

Demand from Chinese customers may be adversely affected by China’s evolving laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, import and export tariffs and restrictions, currency controls, environmental regulations, privacy and information

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Nov 15, 2024 ↗

the European Union Medical Device Regulation (MDR) through December 2028); differing local product preferences and product requirements; diminished protection of intellectual property in some countries; tariffs and other trade protection measures, as well as increasing localization and protectionism policies in certain jurisdictions; international trade disputes and import or export requirements; difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations; introduction of new internal business structures and programs; political and economic instability and uncertainty; current or potential geopolitical conflicts, such as the tensions between China and Taiwan and the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, and related sanctions and other developments; disruptions of transportation, including port closures, increased border controls or border closures or reduced transportation availability, due to military conflicts, a global pandemic of contagious diseases like COVID-19 or otherwise; increased energy or transportation costs; fluctuations in currency exchange rates and financial markets; and increased security threats to our supply chain. Many of these risks are rapidly evolving and subject to an accelerating pace of change. Our business could be adversely impacted if we are unable to successfully manage these and other risks of global operations in an increasingly volatile environment. In addition, in many countries, the laws and regulations applicable to us or our industry are evolving, and we have in certain cases become subject to divergent and conflicting laws and regulations across our operations, which has increased the risks we are subject to.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 12, 2025 ↗

In 2018, the United States Trade Representative imposed a 25% tariff on many lists of products, including certain Teradyne products that are made in China and imported into the United States. On February 1, 2025, President Trump issued an executive order directing the United States to impose an additional 10% tariff on all imports from China effective February 4, 2025.We plan to implement operational changes that mitigate some of the impact of these tariffs on the import of our impacted products into the United States. As a result, the existing tariffs have not had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. The implementation of additional tariffs by the United States could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

In February, 2025, President Trump issued executive orders directing the United States to impose new or additional tariffs on certain imports from Canada, Mexico and China and subsequently announced his intention to pause such tariffs on Canada and Mexico. While we do not believe any tariffs announced to date will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, we are still evaluating the potential impact of these tariffs and any additional tariffs implemented by the

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

Trump administration as well as any retaliatory actions by the impacted countries to our business and financial condition and outlook. The actual impact on any new tariffs is subject to a number of factors including the effective date, duration, amount, scope and nature of the tariffs, any retaliatory actions any impacted country may take, and any mitigating actions that are available.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 20, 2025 ↗

Our business could be negatively affected by supply shortages and/or price increases driven by the increased costs of materials and logistics as a result of macroeconomic conditions, including geopolitical conflicts, general inflationary pressures, labor shortages, part or equipment availability, manufacturing capacity, tariffs, trade disputes and barriers, natural disasters or pandemics and the effects of climate change. Supply shortages and/or price increases could lead to a reduction in revenues and an increase in our operating costs, which would have a material impact on our business segments and earnings, cash flow and financial condition.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 19, 2025 ↗

Many government authorities across the world have imposed, and may impose in the future, laws, regulations, and policies designed to facilitate less petroleum-dependent modes of transportation (e.g., increases in fuel economy or efficiency standards, low-carbon fuel standards, restrictions and bans on vehicles using internal combustion engines, tariffs, duties, tax incentives, and EV subsidies), which could reduce demand for our petroleum-based products and/or all liquid transportation fuels. For example, CARB’s current Scoping Plan identifies strategies to reduce liquid petroleum consumption in California by 94 percent by 2045, and CARB has approved a series of related rulemakings discussed below. The European Union (EU), the U.K., Canada, and Quebec have each adopted what they refer to as “zero-emissions vehicle” mandates and other government authorities across the world, such as Mexico, Quebec,

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 26, 2025 ↗

•trade regulations, tariffs, boycotts and embargoes, which could impair our ability to obtain materials necessary to fulfill contracts, pursue business or establish operations in such countries;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 18, 2025 ↗

•changes in tariffs, trade barriers, and regulatory requirements, the risks of which appear to have increased in the current political environment;

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 13, 2025 ↗

These risks are increased with respect to countries such as China that have substantially different local laws and business practices and weaker protections for intellectual property. In particular, there is currently significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the U.S. and various other countries, including China, with respect to trade policies, treaties, tariffs, taxes, and other limitations on cross-border operations. The U.S. government has made and continues to make significant additional changes in U.S. trade policy and may continue to take future actions that could negatively impact U.S.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 13, 2025 ↗

In addition, the imposition of new tariffs, or other changes in United States trade policy, could trigger retaliatory actions by affected countries. A “trade war” of this nature or other governmental action related to tariffs or international trade agreements or policies has the potential to result in or exacerbate global supply chain disruptions and/or inflation, which could result in an adverse impact on our business operations, financial condition, and/or capital plan.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 21, 2025 ↗

We are subject to price volatility and uncertainty due to geopolitical crises and economic downturns. Such geopolitical crises and global economic downturns may be a result of invasion, or possible invasion by one nation of another, global outbreaks of various epidemics or disease, the implementation of new tariffs and more restrictive trade regulations, leading to increased inflation and supply chain volatility. Such crises will likely continue to have an effect on our ability to do business in a cost-effective manner. Inflation has caused the price of materials to increase leading to increased expenses to our business. Global crises and economic downturns may also have the effect of discouraging investment in bitcoin as investors shift their investments to less volatile assets. Such shifts could have a materially adverse effect on our business, operations and the value of the bitcoin we mine.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 3, 2025 ↗

We have significant operations and direct and indirect suppliers located in China, which have been in the past, or could in the future be, adversely affected by: i) China’s evolving laws, regulations and policies, including as respects public health crises, import and export tariffs and restrictions, and information security and privacy, and ii) changes in the political and geopolitical environment, including China's relations with the U.S., European Union and Taiwan. The U.S.’s imposition of tariffs on goods imported from China or deemed to be of Chinese origin, as well as the potential for new or increased tariffs, other governmental actions, trade embargoes or sanctions by the U.S., or similar measures or countermeasures imposed by China in response, has in the past and could in the future have an adverse direct or indirect impact our global supply chain, manufacturing costs, business and operating results. Geopolitical changes in China-Taiwan relations could disrupt the operations of several companies in Taiwan that are critical to the global supply chain for semiconductors (“chips”) and other electronic components. Such changes could have significant negative effects on the global semiconductor industry and could adversely affect our ability to manufacture our digitally-enabled products, such as pumps, controllers and smart meters.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Mar 3, 2025 ↗

Modification of foreign trade policy by the U.S. or other countries or the imposition of tariffs on imported goods may harm our business.

Read in the earlier 10-K, filed Feb 13, 2025 ↗